Materials Literature
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Various types of heat engines using shape memory alloys are proposed and studied. From the viewpoints of thermal efficiency and operational control of an engine, an efficient heat exchanger is required for heating and cooling shape memory alloys. Furthermore, a heat engine operating in a small range of strain is requi…
Optically active 1,4-thiazane-3-carboxylic acid [TCA] was synthesized from cysteine via optical resolution by preferential crystallization. The intermediate (RS)-2-amino-3-[(2-chloroethyl)sulfanyl]propanoic acid hydrochlo-ride [(RS)-ACS•HCl] was found to exist as a conglomerate based on its melting point, solubility a…
Relationship between some physicochemical properties of matrix, such as viscosity, density or structure of the framework, and crystal growth of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) was studied using various concentrations of polyacrylamide gels at 37 degrees C and at pH 6.5. Reaction was carried out in a model system of enamel…
This paper deals with the effect of the tangential load on the contact stress distribution of the roller pitting test by two-dimensional finite element method. With increase in tangential load, the principal shear stress increases near the surface region and the depth of the maximum shear stress decreases. On the othe…
Recent work has revealed that nanostructured polypyrrole can be prepared electrochemically by an underpotential process on graphite. Potential step experiments using this process are characterized by geometrically increasing current. We have preferred to view data from the experiments in log‐log format, plotting curre…
The Fe(II)‐ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)‐NO complex formed by interaction of gaseous nitrous oxide ( ca. 200 ppm) and Fe(II)‐EDTA in aqueous solution was found to be converted electrochemically on platinum electrodes at potentials below ca. −0.6 V SCE , indicating the cathodic reduction of NO. In addition to…
The possibility of fabricating continuous mullite/Mo FGMs with density closed to theoretical, by pressure slip casting of proof ethyl alcohol based slurries has been shown. Dense (> 98 th%) homogeneous mullite/Mo (32 vol%) composites with two Mo average grain sizes (1.5 and 3 μm) have been obtained at 1650°C in vacuum…
This paper introduces a material technology relating to longer life bearings made of through-hardening steel. Efforts to improve steel cleanliness led to the development of a more reliable through-hardening steel (SAE 52100). As the fruit, we have succeeded in mass-producing extremely purified steel (EP steel) in coll…
Silicalite. silicalite filled polymer membrane. and process for the selective adsorption of acetone and butanol from aqueous solutions thereof. The silicalite. silicalite filled polymer membrane. and process are particularly suited to the removal of acetone and butanol from Closfridium acetobutylicum fermentation medi…
The issue is dedicated to Professor Dr. h. c. Milan Schwuger on the occasion of his 60th birthday. Most of the papers included in this volume are related to the central theme: the interaction of surfa
Cationic starch is extensively used in papermaking to increase paper strength and improve first pass retention. Starch, a high molar mass polymer of glucose, is commercially extracted from a number of plant sources including corn, wheat, potato and tapioca. In their natural state, starch polymers are generally uncharg…
The vitrification range and Raman spectra of binary KO1/2-SeO2 and NaO1/2-SeO2 systems were investigated. Addition of alkali oxide results in cleavage of Se-O-Se linkages in (SeO2)n chains. Glass structural fragments are discussed.
The major fibrillar collagen of rainbow trout skin, type I, was found to have a subunit composition of α1 (I) α2 (I) α3 (I); α3 (I) is known to be a unique subunit of bonyfish type I collagen. To investigate the primary structure of these α (I) chains, a cDNA library was prepared from mRNA of rainbow trout fibroblast…
Based on the experimental investigations a simple theoretical model for the simulation of partial discharge (PD) detection on high voltage XLPE-insulated cables has been developed. The model handles radial symmetric sensors. The dependence of sensitivity on geometrical characteristics of the sensor is investigated exp…
An efficient approach for calculating the short-circuit reactance of transformers is presented in this paper. This approach is based on the surface magnetic charge method and the band-ring mesh elements. The area integral in the calculation of the magnetic flux is transformed to a line integral, which can save on comp…
The inhibition of corrosion of copper in 2M HNO3 solution by some arylmethylene cyanothioacetamide derivatives was tested using polarization measurements. The results showed that these compounds act as mixed type inhibitors and inhibition efficiencies up to 90% can be obtained. The inhibition was assumed to occur via…
The mono-hydroxylation of a β-methylene carbon in the pyrroline ring of a chlorin requires only alumina and molecular oxygen as reagents, with good yields (70–80%) of the hydroxy chlorin obtained at room temperature in 2 h; this is the first example of a hydroxylated chlorin that has been prepared in a regiospecific m…
Austenitic stainless steel of the type AISI 316 was exposed to flowing sodium in a loop at 823 K for 57.6 Ms (16000 h). The specimens were examined for changes in microstructure, and tensile properties. A specimen was also subjected to thermal-ageing under identical conditions to facilitate comparison and resolve the…
The effect of additives on the kinetics of growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals has been studied. Conductivity and potentiometry measurements have been compared. Growth rates were calculated from precipitate curves by a cubic spline method. An approach consisting on the calculation of rate constants and orde…
Methods for improving the magnetic properties of 3% non-oriented silicon steel were investigated. The thickness of samples was reduced to 0.1 mm by cold-rolling, and they were subsequently annealed in an argon gas atmosphere under various annealing conditions (annealing temperature, holding time, heating rate, and coo…