Materials Literature
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Deacetylation of chitin under autoclaving conditions (15 psi/121 degrees C) was evaluated for the preparation of chitosan under different NaOH concentrations and reaction times. Deacetylation was effectively achieved by treatment of chitin under elevated temperature and pressure with 45% NaOH for 30 min and a solids/s…
Char samples were prepared from five Australian black coals at different temperatures using a well-characterized drop-tube furnace. The characteristics of resultant chars and their parent coals were determined by such techniques as chemical analysis, XRD (X-ray diffraction), FESEM (field emission scanning electron mic…
Transmission electron photograph shows a single CdS nanorod. The nanorod was synthesized via arrested precipitation from cadmium and sulfur ions in a micellar solution. The photograph exhibits clear lattice planes and faceted structures on the tip of the nanorod.
Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to examine the adsorption behavior of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and bovine fibrinogen on titanium in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, over the temperature range 295−343 K. It was shown that the surface charge density is directly proportional to the…
We have successfully prepared CdSe nanowire arrays by direct-current electrodeposition in porous anodic aluminum oxide templates from a dimethyl sulfoxide solution containing CdCl 2 and elemental Se. Electron microscopy results show that the length, diameter, and direction of growth of the nanowires are quite uniform.…
The construction of an electromechanical actuator with large displacement, with fast time response, and without electrolytic gas evolution in pure water or saline is described. Improvement in the previously reported platinum−polymer electrolyte membrane composite was made by switching to gold, deposited by the “impreg…
What are the mechanisms leading to the shape relaxation of three dimensional crystallites ? Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of fcc clusters show that the usual theories of equilibration, via atomic surface diffusion driven by curvature, are verified only at high temperatures. Below the roughening temperature, the rela…
The chemistry of silicones is summarized by following the steps necessary to produce a two-part, platinum-cured silicone containing vinyl-stopped polydimethylsiloxane, Si-H-on-chain siloxane, platinum catalyst and catalyst inhibitor. The process begins with silicon dioxide and follows the steps of conversion to sand t…
Poly(methyl methacrylate)–clay composites were synthesized through free-radical solution polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of clay that was preintercalated with dodecylammonium or hexadecyltrimethylammonium ions. Neither the diffraction peak from the (001) plane nor the 00l reflections for the (001…
In order to check our physical model for partial discharges (PDs) in a tree channel, the light emission from a PD in an actual tree was observed. The experimental results agreed with the model. By using the model, conditions for the formation of typical phase-amplitude-number (ϕ- q - n ) pattern of PDs from treeing wa…
The heterogeneous photodegradation of tetrachloroethene in air proceeded on clay particles (halloysite) under photoillumination (>300 nm) with an induction period. The induction period and the tetrachloroethene removal rate were not sensitive to the tetrachloroethene partial pressure or the relative humidity. The phot…
Previously synthesized polymers (pellets or powders) and reactive monomers (lactams) can be used as starting materials in direct centrifugal molding for the manufacture of products with a circular section. The direct centrifugal molding of ϵ-caprolactam has been investigated in order to obtain Nylon 6-based products a…
The physicochemical properties of shark type I collagen gel and membrane were not same as those of pig type I collagen. The denaturation temperature of shark collagen gel was about 15 degrees C lower. According to scanning electronic micrography, the diameter of shark collagen fibril was relatively thin and more homog…
A detailed analysis of the microstructural properties of nanocrystalline cerium(IV) oxide powders produced by thermal dehydration of two hydrated ceria precipitated from the ceric ammonium and sulfate salts in ammonia solutions is described. In addition, it is shown that the diffraction pattern of hydrated ceria can b…
A dipolar two-dimensional multifunctional (D-π) 3 -A dye molecule, 2,4,6-tris(4-( N -methyl- N -hexadecylamino)styryl)pyrylium tetrafluoroborate (P 3 ) was synthesized. The dye molecule was successfully transferred onto an ITO electrode or quartz by the Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) technique. The second-harmonic generation…
When the electrode separation is long or the applied voltage is low, the tree cannot directly grow to the plane electrode, and extinction of partial discharge (PD) with the re-growth of new channels can be observed after a long time. Before PD extinction, the light emission of the PD changes from the whole tree struct…
The scanning electron micrographs (SEM) were taken at different magnifications with respect of the fractured surfaces of the polymer composites prepared from unsaturated polyester resin and jute sliver with 60% fiber loading by weight. The composite specimens were prepared using both untreated (control) and chemically…
This review provides coverage of a variety of polysiloxane homopolymers and copolymers, and some related materials. Specific systems include (i) linear siloxane polymers [-SiRR'O-] (with various alkyl and aryl R and R' side groups), (ii) sesquisiloxane polymers possibly having a ladder structure, (iii) siloxane-silary…
The γ-radiolytic reduction of Hg 2+ in aqueous solution in the presence of 0.3 M 2-propanol first leads to Hg 2 2+ (ε 237 nm = 3.2 × 10 4 M -1 cm -1 ), and later to colloidal mercury. When the reduction is carried out in the presence of colloidal gold nanoparticles, Hg 2 2+ does not appear as an intermediate, and Hg 2…
The low-frequency acoustic breathing modes in Au−Pb core−shell nanoparticles have been studied by time-resolved spectroscopy. The frequency of the breathing mode was determined for a series of samples with a 47 nm diameter Au core and Pb shells of different thickness. The measured frequencies decrease with increasing…