Materials Literature
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Passivity of iron in alkaline solutions was investigated by in situ X‐ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) and with a laser absorption technique. In 0.1 M NaOH, no significant material loss takes place during reduction of the iron passive film, but the ferric passive film is converted completely to a ferrous…
The properties of space charge (homocharge) and dipoles (heterocharge) in various electrets have been in the focus of interest since the investigations of B. Gross on carnauba wax. In this article we present a review on the role and the interaction of charges and dipoles in the polymeric electret polyvinylidenefluorid…
Shock compression of polycrystalline copper was numerically investigated by use of a discrete-element model to highlight underlying heterogeneous and nonequilibrium processes at the grain level. The average diameter of model grains was 12 \ensuremath{\mu}m. Results show highly transient vortical flow fields and strong…
The FOCUS approach to zeolite structure determination from powder diffraction data has been applied to data from four different zeolitic materials. The solutions of the structures of two aluminophosphate molecular sieves, YUL-89 (AWO topology) and YUL-90 (ZON topology), are used to demonstrate routine applications of…
MnAs has been prepared from elemental powders using a modified ball-milling technique, followed by hot pressing and subsequent annealing. Giant magnetic field-induced uniaxial strains of up to 0.7% were observed in a temperature range above the Curie temperature (TC=305 K). Dilatometric and magnetization measurements…
The organic silsesquioxane, methylsilsesquioxane (MSQ), has a low dielectric constant because of its low film density compared to thermal oxide. However, the quality of the MSQ film is degraded by the damage caused by oxygen plasma and hygroscopic behavior during photoresist stripping. In this work, we have studied th…
A novel process called solid-state shear pulverization (S3P) has been developed at Northwestern University to recycle single or commingled postconsumer or preconsumer polymeric waste without sorting by type or color. This continuous, one-step process converts shredded plastic or rubber waste into controlled-particle-s…
Undoped and aluminum-doped ZnO epitaxial films were grown on (001) sapphire substrates by an ion-beam sputtering method with or without the irradiation of oxygen radicals. The effect of oxygen-radical irradiation was notable in the undoped ZnO films when the growth temperature was relatively low. The irradiation impro…
The mineralogical
Abstract This paper concerns the morphology development of in situ compatibilized semicrystalline polymer blends in a co‐rotating, intermeshing twin‐screw extruder, using polypropylene (PP) and polyamide 6 (PA‐6) blends as model systems. The morphology of in situ compatibilized blends develops much faster that of mech…
The surface properties of ammonia core and ethylenediamine core poly(amidoamine) starburst dendrimers (N−SBD and EDA−SBD, respectively) were comparatively investigated, by employing photochemical and spectroscopic probes. Photoinduced electron-transfer quenching of tris(2,2‘-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chloride by methyl…
Despite recognition that Fe availability is significant in regulating oceanic production in some regions, the biogeochemistry of this trace element is poorly understood. To complement contemporary methods of analytical chemistry, we have used an immunological approach to monitor the Fe nutrition of marine phytoplankto…
Novel multicomponent organogels containing an aqueous phase are described, and some properties which influence their potential as delivery devices for hydrophilic drugs and vaccines are discussed. The gel is produced by preparing a hot water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion using sorbitan monostearate, a nonionic surfactant whic…
The dynamic failure evolution of textile composites, which were subjected to impact velocities up to 1100 m/s, was investigated. Specialized machines were used to fabricate composites from combinations of Spectra®, Kevlara®, and Twaron® fibers and two- and three-dimensionally woven, braided, and needle-punched nonwove…
The use of a direct crystallographic technique is reported for locating Cr atomic sites in a mullite containing 11.5 wt% Cr 2 O 3 by monitoring variations in characteristic X-ray emission rates as a function of fast electron beam orientation. Systematic examination of two dimensional incoherent channeling patterns (…
Dynamical and static properties of N=13-4000 hard spheres in spherical cavities with smooth and rough walls have been calculated by molecular-dynamics computer simulations. We use a dynamical criterion to distinguish between fluidlike and solidlike states. The associated crossover densities show a strong dependence bo…
We propose a simple physical model of phase separation of colloidal suspensions and emulsions, which we call the "viscoelastic model." On the basis of this model, we consider two poorly understood phenomena: (i) phase separation accompanying the formation of a transient gel, and its collapse, and (ii) shear effects on…
Abstract The thermal effects, as well as the survivability and origins of microorganisms in Cretaceous rocks, are evaluated from the timing and extent of the smectite to illite transformation in Cretaceous bentonites collected from cores outside the thermal aureole of the Pliocene Cerro Negro volcanic neck. Overall, r…
The processes of the energy deactivation of electronic excitation in Yb(III) -diketonates and their dependence on the nature of -diketone and the second ligand as well as the environment and its state (complexes in organic solvents and polymer matrix) were studied. Taking as an example the ytterbium thenoyltrifluoroac…
An experimental study was conducted to investigate the performance of several polymer outdoor insulator formulations under AC and DC electrical stresses. The performance of the polymers was evaluated in terms of their charge accumulation and decay characteristics as a function of humidity, and their tracking and erosi…