Materials Literature
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Triple-axis X-ray scattering measurements of diffuse scattering in NaNO 3 are described. NaNO 3 undergoes a structural phase transition at 549 K which results in the appearance of a superlattice reflection at the Z-point of the high-temperature Brillouin zone. However, strong diffuse scattering was observed in the low…
We report on the effect of cooling rate on the crystallographic orientation and ferroelectric properties of PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 (PZT) thin films grown on a lattice matched bottom electrode such as c-axis oriented Y-Ba-Cu-O (YBCO). The cooling rate from deposition temperature influences the crystallographic orientation of t…
Spatially resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy has been performed on single, H-terminated, Si nanocrystals in the size range 25--500 \AA{}. The particles were prepared via the gas-phase photolysis of a dilute ${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$${\mathrm{H}}_{6}$/He mixture in a gas flow cell, and deposited on a holey carbon gri…
Bulk icosahedral-quasicrystalline aluminum-palladium-rhenium alloys of high structural quality and thermal stability are found to exhibit low-temperature electrical resistivities that are four orders of magnitude larger than those found in disordered metals and metallic glasses. Experiments suggest that these quasiper…
There is increasing interest in the use of metal-containing compounds in medicine. This review describes several therapeutic applications, such as the use of platinum complexes in cancer chemotherapy, gold compounds in the treatment of arthritis, gallium in hypercalcemia, bismuth in anti-ulcer medication, and sodium n…
Abstract A multistage melt polycondensation of bisphenol‐A and carbonate has been studied experimentally using LiOH·H 2 O catalyst. The reaction process consists of batch and semi‐batch periods with different temperature and pressure conditions. It was observed that a small amount of diphenyl carbonate lost from the r…
Abstract A method has been developed for measuring infrared spectra during the mechanical deformation of yarns. This rheooptical technique was applied to study the molecular processes that take place along the stress‐strain curve of PET yarns. The results were combined with data obtained from size exclusion chromatogr…
Abstract Polymer blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and polystyrene (PS) are immiscible and incompatible, which has been well recognized. Styrene–glycidyl methacrylate (SG) copolymer has been synthesized by suspension polymerization and employed in this study as an in situ compatibilizer for the polyblends o…
Abstract Acrylonitrile (AN) was copolymerized with acrylic acid (AA), methacrylic acid (MAA), and itaconic acid (IA) by the aqueous suspension method at 40°C with ammonium persulfate and sodium metabisulfite as the redox initiator. The reactivity ratios for the AN–AA and AN–IA systems were also calculated by the Finem…
Transition state theory is frequently used to describe interstitial diffusion in solids. A basic assumption in this theory is that equilibrium statistical mechanics can be used to characterize the different configurations in the transition state, the region in configuration space which acts as a bottleneck for the mot…
We have observed up to 8 orders (n) in the spectra of parametric x-radiation (PXR) in the range 5--40 keV, produced by the interaction of a 90 MeV electron beam with mosaic graphite and single silicon crystals. The measured yields and intensity ratios, I(n\ensuremath{\ge}2)/I(n=1), in graphite are not in agreement wit…
Using synchrotron radiation and an imaging plate the authors have performed a high-angular-resolution powder X-ray diffraction study of the 'distorted FCC' high-pressure phase of praseodymium. The crystal structure of this phase is identified as the trigonal space group R3m (D 3d 5 ) with eight atoms in the rhombohedr…
We have investigated the transverse and longitudinal electro-optic properties of epitaxial single crystalline lead lanthanum zirconate titanate ferroelectric thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition on [100] silicon and MgAl2O4 substrates. With the electric field applied in a longitudinal geometry, we measure biref…
The possibility of varying the compositional long-range order parameter s and the influence of s on the ferroelectric properties of pure and Li-doped Pb(Yb 0.5 Nb 0.5 )O 3 ceramics have been studied. X-ray diffraction and dielectric measurements were used. A compositional order-disorder phase transition was discovered…
A novel mechanism is proposed for efficient manipulation of transport forces acting on the droplets during spray pyrolytic deposition of thin films. A ‘‘burst mode’’ technique of spraying is used to adjust the deposition conditions so as to transport the droplets under the new mechanism. Transparent, conducting thin f…
We propose an explanation for the experimentally observed transition in the shape of silicon clusters of size 20\ensuremath{\le}N\ensuremath{\le}40: Elongated shapes of low energy can be obtained by stacking stable subunits, while concurrent optimization of surface-to-volume ratio and surface structure leads to compac…
Article X-ray and electron diffraction investigations on the stable decagonal phase in Co — Ni — Al alloys was published on August 1, 1993 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials (volume 205, issue 1-2).
This study examined how fibre and fabric properties affect the drying time of a wide range of textile materials. It was found that the drying time of a fabric is independent of its fibre type and thus regain, but dependent on the amount of water initially in the fabric which depends to a great extent on the thickness…
Based on the dynamic bond percolation model, we try to regenerate the non-Arrhenius temperature dependence for the ionic conductivity of the polyethylene oxide type polymer electrolytes by considering continuous, correlated motions of the host polymer matrix. To simulate the chain movements, periodic rotations of bond…
The N-methylated and/or N-ethylated I− and BF4- salts of 2-(3-pyridyl)- (2(m)) and 2-(4-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-nitronylnitroxides (2(p)), and 2-(4-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazolin-1-oxyl (3(p)), and also the radical cation/radical anion salts obtained by the exchange reaction of I− and BF4- in the above r…