Materials Literature
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A new recycling technique has been developed which uses a natural solvent, d limonene, to shrink expanded polystyrene (EPS). d-Limonene is a natural vegetable oil which is extracted from the rinds of citrus fruits and is a good solvent of EPS. Limonene has almost the same solubility as toluene at room temperature. Thi…
A mechanistic picture of the effects of rubbing on polyimide alignment layer (AL) surfaces and nematic liquid crystal (LC) pretilt angles (ΘP), leading to establishing a mechanism of determination of ΘP’s, was proposed on the basis of the study of the change in surface polarity of a polyimide AL with the rubbing force…
The phonon dispersion curves of cubic BaTiO3 have been computed within a first-principles approach and the results compared to the experimental data. The curves obtained are very similar to those reported for KNbO3 by Yu and Krakauer (Phys. Rev. Lett., 74, 4067 (1995)). They reveal that correlated atomic displacements…
Magnetostriction parallel and perpendicular to the applied magnetic field has been measured for ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{CoO}}_{3}$ $(x=0.3, 0.5)$ over a wide temperature range $(4.2<~T<~300$ K) and up to a maximum field of 14.2 T. We find a huge anisotropic magnetostriction $({…
The kinetic mechanism of the thermal cure of a phenylethynyl-terminated imide model compound, 3,4′-bis[(4-phenylethynyl)phthalimido]diphenyl ether (PEPA-3,4′-ODA) and a phenylethynyl-terminated imide oligomer PETI-5 (MW 5000 g/mol) was studied. FTIR was used to follow the cure of the model compound, while thermal anal…
Hard, refractory particles long have been added to ceramic materials to impart creep resistance. The nature of such particles and the volume fraction added may vary widely between different systems. As a result, a rich variety of creep behavior and of attendant mechanisms is found. A critical survey is presented of th…
The power-dependent relaxation dynamics of photoexcited charge carriers in a number of II-VI semiconductor quantum dots have been studied using femtosecond laser spectroscopy. The dynamics are obtained via excitation of the quantum dots with high power 390 nm pulses of 150 fs duration, and probing of the photoexcited…
B-doped ZnO films are prepared on Corning 7059 glass by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using diethylzinc (DEZn), H 2 O as reactant gases, and diborane (B 2 H 6 ) as a dopant gas. A two-step deposition process is introduced to grow textured and low-resistivity ZnO films by combining the ALD and conventional photo-induce…
The influence of alloying levels in the ranges from 0.01% to 0.5% N, 4.5% to 6% Mo, and 0.2% to 10% Mn on pitting corrosion resistance was investigated for austenitic stainless steels (SS) with a base composition of 20% Cr and 18% or 25% Ni. Results were analyzed in terms of the pitting resistance equivalent (PRE) con…
This paper describes the Landau--de Gennes free-energy minimization problem for computing equilibrium configurations of the tensor order parameter field that characterizes the molecular orientational properties of liquid crystal materials. Analytical and numerical issues are addressed. Conditions guaranteeing well-pos…
Abstract Homogeneous esterification of cellulose with saturated fatty acids ( n ‐octanoic to n ‐octadecanoic) was accomplished with acetic anhydride co‐reactant in lithium chloride/ N,N ‐dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc) medium. Cellulose mixed triesters (CMT) were obtained after 5 h at 130°C with an average of 2.2 acetyl…
We describe microstructural aspects of phase transitions between the lamellar (L), perforated layer (PL), and gyroid (G) morphologies in diblock copolymer melts. Using small-angle scattering, dynamic mechanical spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, we show that these transformations proceed through the n…
The electrochemical reduction of oxygen on lanthanum manganite (LSM) electrodes has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry, alternating current (ac) impedance, and, in particular, potential step. An emphasis was given to the study of the kinetics of the formation of oxygen vacancy, which is shown to be the main cause…
Ultra-high-molecular-weight poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate](P(3HB)) was biosynthesized from glucose by a recombinant Escherichia coli XL-1 Blue (pSYL105) harboring Alcaligenes eutrophus PHB biosynthesis phbCAB genes. Six kinds of P(3HB) samples with differ-ent weight-average molecular weight (Mw ) from 1.1 × 106 to 11 × 1…
We present neutron spin−echo and dielectric results on the local dynamics of polyisobutylene. The dielectric spectra reveal the existence of a so far unknown secondary relaxation process being distinctly different to previous theoretical predictions. Neutron spectra have been taken over a large range in momentum trans…
The sorption kinetics of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) (pure or dissolved in water at different concentrations) in amorphous and semicrystalline syndiotactic polystyrene films are studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Experiments at low DCE concentrations show that the DCE sorption in empty clathrate samples…
The swelling behavior of a synthetic three-layer silicate caused by 12-aminolauric acid is studied by wide angle X-ray scattering. The swelling process as a function of the 12-aminolauric acid concentration can be separated into two regimes; i) cation exchange of inorganic cations by protonated 12-aminolauric acid and…
A series of highly conjugated tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) analogues with a quinonoid structure has been synthesized, and their structural and electronic properties have been characterized by both experimental techniques and quantum-chemical calculations. Cyclic voltammetry measurements show a two-electron oxidation wave…
Abstract A modified version of the Bertaut-Warren-Averbach (BWA) technique (Bertaut 1949, 1950; Warren and Averbach 1950) has been developed to measure coherent scattering domain (CSD) sizes and strains in minerals by analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. This method is used to measure CSD thickness distributions…
The one-pot biocatalytic synthesis of novel amphiphilic products consisting of an ethyl glucopyranoside (EGP) headgroup and a hydrophobic chain is described. The porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) by the multifunctional initiator EGP was carried out at 70 °C…