Materials Literature
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ZrO2 films were deposited on low carbon steel by a sol-gel process as a chemical pretreatment before the application of a polyester paint. The films were obtained by a dip-coating technique using solutions of Zr(OBun)4 containing complexing agents (acetylacetone or acetic acid). These additives modified the alkoxide a…
Scratch resistance of sodium borosilicate glasses (20Na2O⋅80(1-x)SiO2⋅40xB2O3 x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1) was investigated by using a Knoop indenter. In addition, Vickers hardness, Young's modulus, and fracture toughness were measured and their compositional variations were compared. It was found that the scratch hard…
La 1-x Sr x MnO 3 is a manganese oxide with a perovskite-type structure, LaMnO 3 , by substitution of La 3+ sites with Sr 2 which shows a variety of phenomena with changing hole concentration (x). The total hemispherical emittance, e H , of La 1-x Sr x MnO 3 (x=0, 0.175, and 0.3) in the vicinity of the metal insulator…
A study was made of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in electrolytically and chemically prepared manganese dioxides intended for use in power sources. A typical EPR signal for the powdered samples is wide single line with The replacement of some ions by modified the character of the exchange interaction. A co…
This paper proposes an integral equation to describe the stochastic fluctuation of partial discharge (PD) occurrence under sinusoidal waveform voltage conditions based on a simple PD model (an equivalent circuit model). The stochastic behavior of PD fluctuation is assumed to arise from the fluctuation of PD delay time…
A simple thermo-mechanical model is applied to evaluate the influence of the nonuniformity of ZnO varistor disks used in surge arresters on their energy handling capability. Puncture is the dominating failure mode for slightly nonuniform disks, but cracking becomes more likely as the degree of nonuniformities increase…
The dynamic response of tetragonal lysozyme crystals to dehydration has been characterized in situ using a combination of X-ray topography, high-resolution diffraction line-shape measurements and conventional crystallographic diffraction. For dehydration from 98% relative humidity (r.h.) to above 89%, mosaicity and di…
Microstructural and compositional changes of oxide films were investigated in pure magnesium and Mg–1.51 mass%Ca alloy oxidized at high temperature. The oxide films of pure magnesium formed at high temperature above 500°C were porous, whereas those of Ca-containing alloy were compact, thin and dense. It was found that…
Corrosion at the exposed cut edges of organically coated galvanised steel (OCS) used for construction is one of the primary failure mechanisms. The scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) has shown that corrosion is driven by differential aeration when materials are coated with organic over-layers of widely diff…
The evaluation method of stray field loss of engineering oriented loss model (TEAM Workshop Problem 21) is investigated. It is shown that the nonlinear eddy current analysis is obligatory in order to investigate the eddy current loss in the steel plate, because the flux and eddy current in steel are affected by the pe…
Thin films of dicadmium stannate spinel (Cd 2 SnO 4 ) were deposited on glass substrates using a dip‐coating technique. The films were transparent to visible light (90%) and electrically conductive. X‐ray diffractometry showed that annealed films consisted of a single cubic spinel phase only when they were prepared fr…
The structure of Cs 2 ZrSi 3 O 9 synthesized using a sol–gel method was determined from the Rietveld refinement of experimental powder X‐ray diffraction data. The refinement confirmed that this compound was isostructural with wadeite: its structure was hexagonal (space group P 6 3 / m ), and its lattice parameters wer…
To chemically bond β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), which can form inclusion complexes, acrylamidomethyl CD (CD–NMA) obtained from the acid-catalyzed reaction of N-methylolacrylamide (NMA) and β-CD was grafted onto cellulose fibers using CeIV as the initiator. The double-bond content of CD–NMA increased with increase in the NMA…
Beeswax, lauric acid (C12:0, min. 99.0%), palmitic acid (C16:0, min. 95.0%), stearic acid (C18:0, min. 99.0%), oleic acid (C18:1, min. 60.0%), linoleic acid (C18:2, min. 88.0%), linolenic acid (C18:3, min. 60.0%), glycerol and lecithin were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Corn oil an…
In this paper, we study a coupled dynamic system describing nematic liquidcrystal flows. The system was motivated by the Ericksen-Leslieequations modeling the flow of nematic liquid crystals. The purpose ofstudying the simplified system is to understand the flow properties ofmore complicated materials,the material con…
A combined in situ Mo K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X-ray powder diffraction study has been carried out to follow the evolution of structure in the thermal decomposition of the ammonium thiomolybdates, (NH4)2Mo3S13·2H2O and (NH4)2Mo2S12·2H2O, under nitrogen. Additional information on the…
Pure sodium tetrasulfide (Na2S4) was prepared and reacted with the divalent cations of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn in aqueous solution at 25 °C and at concentrations below 10 micromolar of S42–. A series of S42– complexes of these metals were found to exist by voltammetric methods. At higher concentrations, S42– reacted…
A novel inorganic–organic hybrid material incorporating graphite powder and Keggin-type α-germanomolybdic acid (GeMo12) in methyltrimethoxysilane-based gels has been produced by the sol–gel technique and used to fabricate a chemically bulk-modified electrode. GeMo12 acts as a catalyst, graphite powder ensures conducti…
A series of multicomponent Zr 0.5 Ti 0.5 Mn 0.4 V 0.6 Ni 0.85 M 0.15 (M = Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, and Al) alloys are prepared and their crystal structure and pressure-composition-temperature curves are examined. The electrochemical properties of these alloys such as discharge capacity, cycling performance, and rate capability…
Crystals of Na2CoPO4F have been isolated and their structure determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Na2CoPO4F crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbcn (no. 60) with a = 5.2475(9), b = 13.795(2), c = 11.689(2) Å, and Z = 8. Its layered structure consists of a framework formed by [CoPO4F]∞ l…