Materials Literature
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The region of the phase diagram in the system (Na1/2Bi1/2)1−xPbxTiO3 from x=0 to 0.2 was established using dielectric measurements along with the phase diagram established in part I of this work. The diffuse phase transition behavior of solid solutions with low PbTiO3 content was also investigated. When x is lower tha…
The synthesis, crystal structure and properties of the compound [Cu 4 (dpk·CH 3 O) 2 Cl 6 ] n (dpk·CH 3 OH = unimethylated diol of di-2-pyridyl ketone) ( 1 ), the first example of a copper(II) polymer having a tetrameric repeating unit with S = 2 ground state is reported. The synthesis of compound 1 has been achieved…
The rod−coil polymer of ethyl 4-[4‘-oxy-4-biphenylylcarbonyloxy]-4‘-biphenylcarboxylate with poly(ethylene oxide) with a degree of polymerization of 12 ( 12-4 ) was observed to exhibit a microphase-separated lamellar structure with nanoscale dimension and to melt into a layered smectic A mesophase. The complexes of 12…
Fifty different polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA)-accumulating bacterial strains were investigated for the occurrence of phasin proteins bound to PHA granules and related to the GA24 protein of Alcaligenes eutrophus H16, by isolating PHA granules and Western blot analysis of granule-associated proteins employing antibodi…
Nanogranular amorphous+fcc-Al phases were found to be formed in rapidly solidified Al94V4M2 (M=Fe or Co) and Al93V5Ni2 alloys. The grain size of the amorphous phase is 5 to 30 nm and of the fcc-Al phase 7 to 30 nm. Besides, the mixed structure consisting of nanoscale icosahedral (I) particles surrounded by an fcc-Al p…
Heterogeneous nucleation, which is often detrimental to the production of suitable crystals for X-ray diffraction, can be induced by the contact of a crystallization sample with the walls of its supporting vessel. A novel method for creating a 'containerless' environment for the growth of protein crystals is described…
The reaction of water and oxygen to form hydroxyl radicals over the metal oxide catalysts La 2 O 3, Nd 2 O 3, Sm 2 O 3, Yb 2 O 3, CeO 2, and MgO was studied at pressures up to several Torr. After reaction over 27 mg of La 2 O 3 at 900 °C, the measured concentration of hydroxyl radicals in the gas phase, detected by la…
The reaction between colloidal palladium and cupric acetate in 2-ethoxyethanol leads sequentially to the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(0) at the surface of the palladium particle and dissolution of the deposited copper in the palladium matrix. The reaction was monitored by infrared spectroscopy using carbon monoxide adsor…
Gif chemistry permits the selective functionalization of saturated hydrocarbons under very mild conditions. The formation of alkyl chlorides is shown to derive from an FeII–FeIV manifold and is distinct from the usual ketonization process (Gif chemistry) produced by an FeIII–FeV manifold. The importance of certain car…
A new type of intramolecular charge-transfer dye has been prepared. The LUMO of the acceptor part (1,3-indandione) in these compounds is spiroconjugated with the HOMO of the donor part (aromatic diamine or amino thiol). The interaction between the donor and acceptor is controlled by the energy and symmetry of the fron…
A series of three-ring heteroaromatic compounds consisting of a pyridine central ring and thiophene, selenophene, or N -methylpyrrole outer rings, and their polymers have been investigated. Differences in redox potentials and electronic absorbance spectra of the three-ring monomers have been interpreted with the aid o…
A simple method has been developed for metalation of porphyrinic compounds under homogeneous conditions at room temperature using a stable ethereal solution of MgI(2) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine. A previously developed heterogeneous procedure employs a mixture of a magnesium halide and a nonnucleophilic amine in a n…
An improved procedure is described for the characterization of solute self-association by sedimentation equilibrium. Whereas previous statistical-mechanical approaches to allowance for the effects of thermodynamic nonideality have entailed tedious iteration because of their specification of activity coefficients in te…
The Zn derivative of a new stable open-box shaped pentamer of vertically linked porphyrins, formed quantitatively by treatment of tetrapyridylporphyrin with [Ru(TPP)CO], adds S-bonded RuII–Me2SO complexes which can enter the box to form adducts containing the rare bridging Me2SO.
Changes in the electronic structure of platinum−3d transition single-crystal alloys (Pt 1 - x M x with M = Fe, Co, and Ni) are studied as a function of composition, order and nature of the 3d metal. These changes are detected by using synchrotron radiation to analyze the absorption edges. Both the Pt L II and L III ed…
A new methodology based on the ‘3 + 1’ acid-catalytic condensation of tripyrranes and pyrrole-2,5-dicarbaldehyde has been used, for the first time, for the synthesis of two types of porphyrins: vic-dipropionic ester porphyrins 30 and 31 including an analogue of the corallistin-A and vic-diacrylic ester porphyrins 32 a…
Silicone rubber films were surface-modified with O2, Ar, or NH3 plasma in either a bell-jar-type or a tubular-type reactor to investigate the effect of the plasma treatment conditions on the hydrophilicity, peel strength, and chemical composition of the film surface. ESCA spectra of the modified films were used to cal…
A new family of materials based on layered transition metal dichalcogenides of the type [M‘xQyLz]n[MoS2] (Q = S, Se, Te) was prepared as a first step toward pillared layered sulfides. The new intercalated phases form from the addition of Co6Q8(PR3)6 solutions to exfoliated suspensions MoS2.
Zircaloy-2 and -4, developed mainly in the United States, have been used in Germany for fuel rod claddings and in-core structural components from the beginning of reactor technology. Extensive studies of the material properties of the Zircaloys have been performed in Siemens laboratories since 1957. Irradiation testin…
The main object of an industrial crystallization process is to produce crystals with desired properties such as crystal size distribution (CSD), shape and purity. The CSD is determined by the rates of nucleation, attrition and breakage, agglomeration, and growth. The intention of this paper is to focus on nucleation,…