Materials Literature
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Structural transitions are invariably affected by lattice distortions. If the body is to remain crack free, the strain field cannot be arbitrary but has to satisfy the Saint-Venant compatibility constraint. Equivalently, an incompatibility constraint consistent with the actual dislocation network has to be satisfied i…
The wavefunction of a massless fermion consists of two chiralities, left handed and right handed, which are eigenstates of the chiral operator.The theory of weak interactions of elementary particle physics is not symmetric about the two chiralities, and such a symmetry-breaking theory is referred to as a chiral gauge…
Several experimental techniques have been introduced in recent years in attempts to measure spin transfer torque in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). The dependence of spin torque on bias is important for understanding fundamental spin physics in magnetic devices and for applications. However, previous techniques have…
A series of five free-base corroles were metalated and brominated to form 10 manganese(III) corroles. Two of the free-base corroles and six manganese(III) corroles were analyzed by X-ray crystallography, including one complex that may be considered a transition-state analogue of oxygen atom transfer (OAT) from (oxo)ma…
We determine the energy diagram of graphene oxides (GOs) as a function of oxygen and hydrogen chemical potentials by systematic first-principles calculations. The diagram reveals that thermodynamically stable GOs can exist only in stringent growth conditions in the form of hydroxyl, epoxy, or mixed hydroxyl/epoxy phas…
The reduction of diazonium salts has recently been proposed as a robust covalent modification scheme for graphene surfaces. While preliminary studies have provided indirect evidence that this strategy decorates graphene with aryl moieties, the molecular ordering and conformation of the resulting adlayer have not been…
The giant piezoresistance (PZR) previously reported in silicon nanowires is experimentally investigated in a large number of surface depleted silicon nano- and micro-structures. The resistance is shown to vary strongly with time due to electron and hole trapping at the sample surfaces. Importantly, this time varying r…
Impact factor: Electron-impact dissociation reactions in two-adsorbate systems were tuned by applying specific exposure conditions in electron microscopes. Pulsed electron-impact exposure could drive the dissociation reaction of one of the adsorbates into the molecule-limited regime while the reaction of the other ads…
Al-induced layer exchange crystallization of amorphous Ge thin films has been demonstrated recently, and provides a suitable system to characterize, model and control Ge crystal growth on non-crystalline substrates. Direct observation of Ge transfer to the surface of Al through an interposed GeOx interfacial layer all…
The dynamics of quasicrystals is more complicated than the dynamics of periodic solids and difficult to study in experiments. Here, we investigate a decagonal and a dodecagonal quasicrystal using molecular dynamics simulations of the Lennard-Jones-Gauss interaction system. We observe that the short-time dynamics is do…
Using first-principles calculations, in conjunction with Ising magnetism, we undertake a theoretical study to elucidate the origin of the experimentally observed Invar effects in disordered fcc iron-based ferromagnets. First, we show that our theory can account for the Invar effects in iron-nickel alloys, the anomalie…
Recent developments of theoretical studies on spin nanotubes are reviewed, especially focusing on the $S=1/2$ three-leg spin tube. In contrast to the three-leg spin ladder, the tube has a spin gap in case of the regular-triangle unit cellwhen the rung interaction is sufficiently large. The effective theory based on th…
Particle lithography has been extensively used as a robust and cost-effective method to produce large-area, close-packed arrays of nanometer scale features. Many technological applications, including biosensing, require instead non-close-packed patterns in order to avoid cross-talk between the features. We present a s…
We report studies on surface modification of graphene with 1-octadecanethiol and its application as heavy metal sensors. The alkanethiol molecules can self-assemble into large-scale highly ordered monolayers on single-layer graphene regardless of the roughness of graphene surfaces inherited from the underlying amorpho…
Flowerlike CuO nanostructures were prepared by the coprecipitation method with postannealing in air at different temperatures. The results of X-ray diffraction and Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies show that the samples annealed at 400, 600, and 800 °C have a typical monoclinic structure and are absent of i…
Single-phased white-light-emitting phosphors Ca 9 Gd(PO 4 ) 7:Eu 2+,Mn 2+ were synthesized by solid state reactions. Tuning the Eu 2+ /Mn 2+ ratio via the energy transfer varied the emission hue of Ca 9 Gd(PO 4 ) 7:0.007Eu 2+, x Mn 2+ from blue-greenish (0.219, 0.371) to white-light (0.326, 0.328) and eventually to re…
Electrochemical charging has been applied to study the influence of doping on the intensity of the various Raman features observed in chemical vapor-deposition-grown graphene. Three different laser excitation energies have been used to probe the influence of the excitation energy on the behavior of both the G and G' m…
To identify potential harmful effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on human health, a comprehensive toxicity assay was conducted on human Jurkat T cells, using oxidative stress-related endpoint. The effect of Ag ions was also investigated and compared with that of AgNPs, as it is anticipated that Ag ions will be re…
Abstract Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites are lightweight, economical and available in a variety of forms. They have low densities, comparable material properties, high molding flexibility and are environmentally friendly, making them a conceivable alternative to traditional fillers like mica, calcium carbo…
The discovery of electric field induced band gap opening in bilayer graphene opens a new door for making semiconducting graphene without aggressive size scaling or using expensive substrates. However, bilayer graphene samples have been limited to μm(2) size scale thus far, and synthesis of wafer scale bilayer graphene…