Materials Literature
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Pure aragonite was synthesized from calcined scallop shells in a single step in the presence of Mg2+ ions at ambient temperatures under the controled CO2 flow rates. The Mg2+ ions seem to behave like a catalyst to form aragonite, since most of the Mg2+ ions remained in the solution. However, very small amounts of Mg2+…
This paper reports about synthesis and fluorescence properties of Ce (III) and Tb (III) codoped vaterite phosphor emitting by black light irradiation. Ce3+ and Tb3+ codoped vaterite was synthesized by a liquid phase reaction by adding 0.1mol·dm-3 (NH4)2CO3 solution into 0.10mol·dm-3 CaCl2 solution including CeCl3 and…
A methodology for testing accelerated ageing of nonceramic insulators (NCI) is presented based mainly on polluting the insulators with several substances, such as kaolin, lime, fertilizer and natural field pollutants. The polluted insulators are evaluated inside a salt fog chamber by applying cycles of salt fog, clean…
This presents a short review on two problems where brittle fracture is involved. In the first one, a hot glass plate is subject to a local stress when drowned into a cold bath. In the region of transition between the cold and hot side, large stresses build up, that can be related accurately to the various coefficients…
Optical emission spectroscopy can be used to monitor the composition of Ni2MnGa thin films during sputtering. By choosing peaks of Ni:341.5 nm, Mn:403.1 nm and Ga:417.2 nm, the Ar pressure is found to affect the spectrum intensities of Ni, Mn and Ga atoms, as well as the intensity ratios of IMn⁄INi and IGa⁄INi. Howeve…
The effects of flow stress and grain size on the evolution of grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) at elevated temperatures were investigated using a superplastic aluminum 5083 alloy. In the superplastic region, the percentage of random boundaries was high and was almost unchanged during deformation. In additi…
Kristalle von (Tetraaqua)(succinato)magnesium (1), (Tetraaqua)(glutarato)magnesium (2) und (Triaqua)- (suberato)magnesium (3) wurden durch Überschichten von wäßrigen Lösungen der jeweiligen Natriumsalze mit einer Lösung von MgCl2 in Isopropanol erhalten. In 1 ist eine Kettenstruktur realisiert, wobei Mg(H2O)4-Einheite…
By combining electrochemical corrosion rate measurements and spectrophotometric analysis of the electrolyte it was shown that at room temperature chromium dissolves in deaerated 0.1M Na2SO4 + H2SO4 (pH1) solution as Cr(II) and Cr(III) ions in he ratio Cr(II):Cr(III)?7:1. This process was stable over 4h without any det…
The Ce(IV) β-diketonate complexes CeL 4 [where L is txhd (2,2,6-trimethyl-3,5-heptanedionate) 1; tmod (2,2,7-trimethyl-3,5-octanedionate) 2; tmhd (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate) 3] were prepared by the interaction of the sodium salt of the diketonate with cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate in aqueous ethanol sol…
Abstract Wilkinson's catalyst [RhCl(PPh 3 ) 3 ] has been used to conjugate fish oils in high yields under very mild reaction conditions. A catalyst load of 0.35 mol% of RhCl(PPh 3 ) 3 , 0.43 mol% of ( o ‐CH 3 C 6 H 4 ) 3 P, and 0.87 mol% of SnCl 2 ·2H 2 O in ethanol solvent at 60°C for 2 d produces 82% conjugated Norw…
Growth phenomena and growth rates of crystalline particles in suspension systems are reviewed with an emphasis on the factors that distort the product crystal size distribution of products derived for the ideal mixed suspension mixed product removal (MSMPR) crystallizer. The growth of crystals in suspension systems is…
Chirality of optically active liquid crystal molecules has become an important research topic and the subject of a number of theoretical and experimental studies. We present here the results of the application of a newly developed scaling method of a steric chiral index to chiral dopant molecules and to ferroelectric…
Effect of calcium substitution on the A-site of Zr-rich lead zirconate titanate Pb(Zr 0.94 Ti 0.06 )O 3 and Pb(Zr 0.92 Ti 0.08 )O 3 is studied. It is found that the rhombohedral structure of Zr-rich lead zirconate titanate changes to tetragonal and finally to cubic with increasing amount of calcium substitution. Both…
Silica particles with different morphology have been functionalized with carbon shells by different synthetic procedures. In the key step, the bare silica particles are functionalized by a specific cationic surface polymerization with furfuryl alcohol (FA). The polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA)/silica hybrid particles have b…
The dental casting properties of the Ti–15Zr–4Nb–4Ta alloy were compared with those of commercial pure Ti grade 2 and Ti–6Al–V alloy. Ti–15Zr–4Nb–4Ta dental castings were also surface-coated by TiN ion plating. Metal plates for complete and partial dentures, crowns and bridges were experimentally fabricated using the…
A novel mathematical model is developed that predicts the detailed macromolecular structure of an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) produced in an industrial emulsion polymerization. The model consists of: (i) a basic module that calculates the monomer conversion and the copolymer composition; (ii) a particle size…
The effects of mordanting method, dyeing temperature and time, as well as the type of mordants used in lac-dyeing process on the properties of silk yarn were studied. Three different mordanting methods, including pre-mordanting, simultaneous mordanting, and post-mordanting, were employed and the amount of adsorbed dye…
In a recent EPR study, Gross et al. (B. Gross, H. Dilger, R. Scheuermann, M. Päch and E. Roduner, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2001, 105, 10012) found that hydrogen atoms trapped in silasesquioxanes unexpectedly exhibit g-values significantly larger than the free-electron value, with an appreciable dependence on the external sub…
We have studied large supercells of PZT with different cation orderings and compositions using ab initio calculations. Despite the different macroscopic properties, we find similar structural motifs for all three phases. Our study shows that the polarization of PZT is mostly due to the displacement of the Pb cations,…
In order to study interface boundary structures, a three dimensional Near-Coincidence Site lattice (Near-CSL) model based on Bollmann’s O-lattice method has been proposed. Previous studies have shown that intragranular α-phase precipitates in a Ti–22V–4Al alloy have a morphology of lath-like, with two well defined fac…