Materials Literature
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We observe nonlinear phenomena in vibrating smectic films. In particular, the shapes and positions of steps present in smectic films are affected by film vibrations. Above a certain threshold, we observe an instability in the meniscus consisting of the formation of a peninsula-shaped step. We point out that these effe…
We have presented the electroless nickel plating technique as a preferred method for making ohmic or rectifying contacts on porous silicon. Nickel, plated by this technique, penetrates the pores and forms contact on an effective area, about 4.5 times the actual area of the sample. High-temperature annealing of the pla…
Ultrahigh second-order nonlinearities were observed in calix[4]arene-based, chromophoric super-molecules, which form densely packed, highly ordered monolayers on silica surfaces (shown on the right). The super chromophores consist of four stilbazole-imine units in a rigid cone conformation, in which all the dipoles ar…
Approximately stoichiometric InP films have been prepared over a range of substrate temperature . The structure of the deposited films has been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments. TEM m…
Lineshapes in x-ray core-level photoemission (XPS) reflect the local electronic environment of the atomic species from which they originate, and the excitations of the material system which reduce the emerging photoelectron's kinetic energy. For metallic systems, we show that detailed analysis of such lineshapes provi…
Perovskite conductive LaNiO3 films, 250 nm thick, were prepared by metalorganic decomposition. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry was used to determine the film thickness and composition. The x-ray diffraction patterns of LaNiO3 films indicated that the lowest temperature for crystallization is about 530 °C. The m…
A thermodynamic description of hysteresis phenomena is proposed, where the system evolution is described as a sequence of Barkhausen jumps, and the Preisach model is used to characterize the jump sequence. Expressions for Gibbs energy, entropy, and entropy production are derived. The equilibrium states of the minimum…
The kinetics of hexagonal to disordered and hexagonal to body-centered-cubic phase transitions in weakly segregated, microstructured systems (e.g., diblock copolymers) is studied using a time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) approach. Both computer simulation of the TDGL equation and analysis of a simplified two-mode…
A single beam technique is introduced to determine the magnitude and sign of third order nonlinear optical coefficients of materials using intensity dependence of the complex refractive index. It is applicable to a large range of materials including those with a low damage threshold such as polymers and absorbing glas…
Structural design in the synthesis of solids is now a step closer, at least for mesoporous compounds. Surfactant assemblies are used as templates to structure metal oxides, which are formed from metal alkoxides. By adapting the headgroup of the surfactant to the inorganic component and exploiting the coordination chem…
By changing the electrode combination of Pt and LaNiO3 (LNO), four capacitor types of Pt/PZT/Pt/Si, Pt/LNO/PZT/Pt/Si, Pt/LNO/PZT/LNO/Pt/Si, and Pt/PZT/LNO/Pt/Si, were prepared to investigate the fatigue and hysteresis characteristics of the sol-gel-derived Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3 (PZT) ferroelectric thin films. Among them,…
The success of density functional theory for the description of the adsorption of atoms on surfaces is well established, and based on recent calculations using gradient corrections, it has been shown that it also describes well the dissociative adsorption of molecules at surfaces - admittedly however, the data base fo…
This work extends the results of previous workers on the influence of drawing on the crystallinity of PEEK and PEK to test temperatures well above Tg and to strain rates up to 103 s−1. The study thus includes measurement of crystallinity in samples tested in the strain rate regime where large increases in flow stress…
Article Mechanism of Enhanced Superplasticity in Thermomechanically Processed Ti-6Al-4V / Mechanismen der Superplastizität in thermomechanisch behandelten Ti-6Al-4V-Legierungen was published on March 1, 1996 in the journal International Journal of Materials Research (volume 87, issue 3).
Explains corrosion protection and how it works. Discusses the effect of environmental legislation on corrosion protective paints, which necessitates the removal of solvents and toxic additives, making the protection weaker. In order to remedy this one must determine how protection is provided, which involves the separ…
The wear behavior and the mechanism of plasma sprayed WC12Co, Cr2 O 3 and I2 O3 coatings in sliding contact with steel bronze and car- bon graphite were studied with block-on-ring arrangement. The coefficient of friction and wear rate of these coatings were measured at dry friction conditions. The worn surfaces of the…
Copolymerization of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) with 1,3,5,7-tetrametyl-1,3,5,7-tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane (V4) by heterogeneous acid catalysis has been carried out. In order to find the optimal conditions of the reaction, a second-order experimental design was performed with reaction time, reaction temperatur…
Article Crystal structures of ytterbium iron aluminium, YbFexAl12-x (x = 3.08 and 4.56) was published on March 1, 1996 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials (volume 211, issue 3).
Increasingly, the automotive industry is requiring demonstration that polymers in automotive applications are recyclable. The techniques for the recovery and recycling of polyurethane foam from MDI Pour-in-Place automotive seating have been demonstrated. This seating technology is uniquely suited to the recovery of fo…
The Luneburg integral has many applications in optics and optoelectronics, among which is determination of the refractive-index profile of a Luneburg lens with a full or nonfull aperture. Consequently, computationally efficient and accurate methods for evaluating this integral represent an important challenge. An alte…