Materials Literature
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Abstract The oxidation state of structural iron greatly influences the physical-chemical properties of clay minerals, a phenomenon that may have significant implications for pollutant fate in the environment, for agricultural productivity, and for industrial uses of clays. Knowledge of redox mechanisms is fundamental…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStability of thin films in concentrated emulsionsJ. BibetteCite this: Langmuir 1992, 8, 12, 3178–3182Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00048a053https://do…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvaluation of log-normal distribution first-order kinetic model for copper(II)-humic acid complex dissociationAndrew W. Rate, Ronald G. McLaren, and Roger S. SwiftCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1992, 26, 12, 2477–2483Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication Hi…
The essential features of the active plastic zone at the tip of a penetrating rigid cone are investigated for a rigid/perfectly plastic solid. An exact solution is suggested for the plastic zone. A rigid zone exists ahead of the cone and is separated from the plastic zone by a conical surface of discontinuity. It is a…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFive redox stages of tetraoxaporphyrin: a UV/visible/near-IR, ESR, and MO theoretical studyRainer Bachmann, Fabian Gerson, Georg Gescheidt, and Emanuel VogelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 27, 10855–10860Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Pu…
The fracture of a transparent, large‐grain‐sized MgAl 2 O 4 spinel has been studied through temperatures of 1400°C. Fracture toughness values, falling between about 1.3 and 2.3 MPa.m 12;1/2 , behaved sigmoidally with temperature, with a lower shelf transition appearing near 800°C. Rising R ‐curves, displaying a run‐ar…
Porcine ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) contains 30 1/2-cystinyl residues, all of which occur in the reduced form. Reaction of the native protein with 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) resulted in the release of 30 mol of the product 5-mercapto-2-nitrobenzoate, and the loss of the RNase inhibitory activity. A linear re…
In landfills, deposited waste material is usually faced with strictly anoxic conditions. This means that the design of new biodegradable polymers must take into consideration that degradation should be possible especially in the absence of molecular oxygen. Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate is depolymerized by the anaerobic f…
The major physical properties of poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and its copolymers with hydroxyvalerate (PHB/HV) and those of their blends are summarised. Cases of liquid-liquid phase separation in homopolymer copolymer blends are reported and conditions where further phase separation occurs during crystallisation are do…
Sol-gel derived PZT (lead zirconate-titanate) thin films were irradiated to a total-dose of 1 Mrad(Si) or 86 krad(PZT) under open-circuit bias. An asymmetric distortion in the hysteresis curves was observed. The distortion depends on the polarization state of the capacitor before irradiation. Postirradiation electrica…
Abstract Dielectric measurement on a polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) has been carried out in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 1 MHz and over the temperature range from 100 to 330 K. The PDLC sample was prepared by thermally induced phase separation of a 50% mixture by weight of commercially available liquid c…
BaTiO 3 ceramics with grain sizes of 0.6 to 6 mm and relative densities of 89% to 92% were prepared by hot forging and conventional sintering from high‐purity oxalate‐derived powder. The aging of both the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss was examined with respect to grain size, temperature, and frequency. I…
Abstract X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to characterize the hydroxylated oxide film on iron surfaces. The composition of the films and its transformations for eighteen specimens prepared by ex situ techniques and simulating various conditions of hydroxylated oxide layer formation were examined. A model of h…
The oxidation process of Si 2 N 2 O, prepared by a hot isostatic pressing technique, has been studied by the thermogravimetric method. The oxidation has been performed in oxygen for 20 h in the temperature range 1300° to 1600°C, producing oxide scales of amorphous SiO 2 and α‐cristobalite. The weight gain for T 1350°C…
The magneto-optical, polar Kerr effect of polycrystalline ${\mathrm{CrO}}_{2}$ has been studied in the range 0.8--5 eV. The maximum Kerr rotation amounts to \ensuremath{\Vert}${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{\mathit{K}}$\ensuremath{\Vert}=0.154\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} at 3.7 eV. Two different interpretation…
Rhodococcus ruber NCIMB 40126 synthesizes copolyesters (polyhydroxyalkanoates) of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), containing primarily 3HV monomer units, from a variety of single, chemically unrelated substrates. The 3HV content of the polymer is dependent on the choice of substrate and succinic a…
Theoretical yields of poly-d(−)-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) from several carbon sources have been estimated from biochemical pathways leading to PHB. In estimating the yields, a special emphasis is made on recycling (or regeneration) of NADP+ which is the co-substrate of acetoacetyl-CoA reductase, one of three key enzymes…
Ferroelectric Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 films have been prepared through the sol-gel process from corresponding metal alkoxides, which were chemically modified. The homogeneous films of the Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 single phase were obtained on Pt substrates by the heat-treatment at 500°C, under optimum conditions of process parameters su…
A boric acid‐stabilized aluminum acetate powder was decomposed to aluminum borate (Al 18 B 4 O 33 ) by calcining at 1000°C. The powder was then ball‐milled, compacted, and fired to temperatures of 1500°, 1600°, and 1700°C for a period of 1 h. The resulting aluminum borate ceramic had a whiskerlike grain morphology, wi…
Abstract The evaluation of the long periods and crystallite lengths of original and pretreated solvent spun cellulose fibres revealed that they consist of about 90% crystalline cellulose in the direction of the fibre axis. In the case of high wet modulus viscose fibres this percentage is only 50–60%. The intensity of…