Materials Literature
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Partially wet anisotropic particles at an otherwise planar fluid interface create distortions as the interface bends to satisfy boundary conditions at the three phase contact line. Overlapping distortions create capillary interactions that depend strongly on the particle shape. Since the excess surface area associated…
Using a laser beam and its reflection, we evaluated surface air layers on two superhydrophobic coatings with different roughnesses (Ra = 1900 and 74 nm) in a water-ethanol mixture. The reflected laser intensity decreased by increasing the ethanol concentration for the superhydrophobic coating with large roughness beca…
Improving the nonlinear optical properties of organic materials through transition to macromolecular architectures of highly conjugated chromophores has been shown to be a viable strategy for generating materials suitable for TPA applications. In this study we display a simple and elegant method by which to synthesize…
Hydrolysis of 2-hydroxypropyl-4-nitrophenyl phosphate (HPNP), a commonly used RNA model substrate, was examined in molybdate solutions by means of (1)H, (31)P, and (95)Mo NMR, Raman, and Mo K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. (1)H and (31)P NMR spectroscopy indicate that at 50 degrees…
Honeycomb-structured microporous films were self-assembled from a new type of multiarm copolymer, hyperbranched poly(3-ethyl-3-oxetanemethanol)-star-polystyrene (HBPO-star-PS). The precursor consisting of an HBPO core and a number of PS arms was synthesized by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) po…
A peptide targeted contrast agent, CLT1-(Gd-DTPA), was synthesized for molecular imaging of fibronectin-fibrin complexes in tumor tissue with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The T(1) and T(2) relaxivities of CLT1-(Gd-DTPA) were 4.22 and 4.45 mM(-1) s(-1) at 3 T, respectively. The targeted contrast agent specifically…
Thinking in compartments is back! The degradation of a fluorescently labeled nucleic acid substrate within a polymer capsule by coencapsulated DNase I was initiated by activation of the enzyme with a chemical trigger. The degraded DNA diffused from the capsule (see picture). The semipermeable capsule microreactors ena…
A general method is presented for the calculation of molecular properties to arbitrary order at the Kohn-Sham density functional level of theory. The quasienergy and Lagrangian formalisms are combined to derive response functions and their residues by straightforward differentiation of the quasienergy derivative Lagra…
Red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) nacre is a layered composite biomineral that contains crystalline aragonite tablets confined by organic layers. Nacre is intensely studied because its biologically controlled microarchitecture gives rise to remarkable strength and toughness, but the mechanisms leading to its formation…
We present a facile and versatile directed assembly process for highly entangled carbon nanotube (CNT) scaffolds. Macroporous polymer/CNT nanocomposites were prepared by a ‘breath figure’ method. After pyrolysis of the nanocomposites, highly stable CNT scaffolds with diverse morphologies such as monolayered or multila…
We investigate the utility of Langmuir adsorption measurements for characterizing nanoparticle-substrate interactions. Spherical CdSe/ZnS core-shell nanoparticles were chosen as representative particles because of their widespread use in biological labeling measurements and their relatively monodisperse dimensions. In…
This article deals with the study of graft copolymerization of methylmethacrylate (MMA) onto Saccharum ciliare fiber in air in the presence of ferrous ammonium sulfate-potassium persulfate (FAS-KPS) as redox initiator. After optimizing the various reaction parameters such as solvent, time, temperature, concentration o…
We use temperature-dependent inelastic light scattering to study the origin of the strong multiphonon scattering of a local oxygen breathing mode present in the mixed $B$-site orthorhombic (space group $Pnma$) perovskite ${\text{LaFe}}_{0.5}{\text{Cr}}_{0.5}{\text{O}}_{3}$ but absent in isostructural ${\text{LaFeO}}_{…
Micelles from amphiphilic star-block copolymers, having a hydrophobic hyperbranched core and amphiphilic fluoropolymer arms, were constructed as drug delivery agent assemblies. A series of polymer structures was constructed from consecutive copolymerizations of 4-chloromethylstyrene with dodecyl acrylate and then 1,1,…
Temperature-dependent I-V and C-V spectroscopy of single InAs nanowire field-effect transistors were utilized to directly shed light on the intrinsic electron transport properties as a function of nanowire radius. From C-V characterizations, the densities of thermally-activated fixed charges and trap states on the sur…
Coarse-grained molecular-dynamics simulations were used to study the morphological changes induced in a Nafion$^{\tiny \textregistered}$-like ionomer by the imposition of a strong electric field. We observe the formation of novel structures aligned along the direction of the applied field. The polar head groups of the…
A water-based route has been demonstrated for synthesizing ZnSe and Cd-doped ZnSe (Zn(x)Cd(1-x)Se, 0 < x < 1) quantum dots (QDs) that have tunable and narrow photoluminescence (PL) peaks from the ultraviolet A (UVA) to the blue range (350-490 nm) with full-width at half-maximum (fwhm) values of 24-36 nm. Hydrazine (N(…
Abstract High‐density polyethylene (HDPE)–wood composite samples were prepared using a twin‐screw extruder. Improved filler–filler interaction was achieved by increasing the wood content, whereas improved polymer–filler interaction was obtained by adding the compatibilizer and increasing the melt index of HDPE, respec…
Boradiazaindacene dyes were converted into phenylethynyl-BODIPY oligomers via a cycle of reactions, notably including Sonogashira couplings. As expected, as the number, n, of repeating units increases, peak absorption and emission wavelengths are shifted to the red end of the visible spectrum, albeit with smaller incr…
On the blue Nile: NAD(P)H-sensitive Nile Blue functionalized CdSe/ZnS quantum dots have been developed for the optical sensing of biocatalytic processes involving NAD+-dependent enzymes and the screening of anticancer drugs by monitoring intracellular metabolism (see picture).