Materials Literature
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OBJECTIVE: Previous tissue engineering approaches to create small caliber vascular grafts have been limited by the structural and mechanical immaturity of the constructs. This study uses a novel in vitro pulse duplicator system providing a 'biomimetic' environment during tissue formation to yield more mature, implanta…
The magnetostriction (/spl lambda//sub 100/) of b.c.c. Fe is increased over 10-fold at room temperature by the substitution of /spl sim/20% gallium for Fe. Fe/sub 1-x/Ga/sub x/ alloys with x between 0.19 and 0.214 that are quenched from 800/spl deg/C exhibit magnetostrictions /spl sim/25% higher than those furnace-coo…
Abstract This paper discusses the competing chemical reactions involved in the peroxide vulcanization of elastomers. Each of these reactions can have a profound effect on the cure characteristics as well as on the properties of the final vulcanizate. The balance between these reactions is determined by several factors…
Two silica-precipitating peptides, silaffin-1A(1) and-1A(2), both encoded by the sil1 gene from the diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis, were extracted from cell walls and purified to homogeneity. The chemical structures were determined by protein chemical methods combined with mass spectrometry. Silaffin-1A(1) and -1A(2)…
The conduction process in conducting polymers has some unusual features. Even for highly conducting samples, the electronic transport properties show a mixture of metallic and non-metallic character, which is most easily explained in terms of the heterogeneous morphology of the polymers. The Figure shows the character…
Structure-directing agents that aid in the formation of ordered, mesostructured titania have been found in poly(ethylene oxide) surfactants. Thermal treatment of the films results in stiffening of the titania network, thereby providing straight channels with elliptical pore cross sections (see Figure). The preparation…
Core–shell particles with tailored optical properties are obtained via manipulation of the number of Au@SiO2 nanoparticle layers deposited onto larger polymer spheres. The surface characteristics of silica, which surrounds the gold nanoparticles, are exploited to achieve a dense and uniform nanoparticle coating. The l…
The theory and the experimental characteristics of the bulk photovoltaic effect in ferroelectric and piezoelectric crystals first observed at the Institute of Crystallography have been reviewed. I dedicate this review to the memory of B.K. Vainshtein whose help in performing these works was really inestimable.
We measure the high-temperature thermoelectric properties of the Na x CoO 2-δ single crystal for the first time. The Na x CoO 2-δ single crystals are prepared by a flux technique, and the resulting flaky single crystals are very thin on the c -axis. The in-plane electrical resistivity (ρ), the thermoelectric power ( S…
We present a 3ω method for simultaneously measuring the specific heat and thermal conductivity of a rod- or filament-like specimen using a way similar to a four-probe resistance measurement. The specimen in this method needs to be electrically conductive and with a temperature-dependent resistance, for acting both as…
A very short processing time for making well-organized multilayer films can be achieved employing the novel spin self-assembly method described in this paper. The authors elaborate on the advantages of this method versus conventional self-assembly methods for the fabrication of multilayer polyelectrolyte films. The Fi…
The glass transition temperatures ( T g 's) of ultrathin films (thickness 80−18 nm) of polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were measured on surfaces with interfacial energies (γ SL ) ranging from 0.50 to 6.48 mJ/m 2 . The surfaces consisted of self-assembled films of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) th…
The three-dimensional polymeric compounds [Fe(pz)M(CN)4]·nH2O (pz = pyrazine; M = Ni(II), Pd(II), and Pt(II)) have been synthesized and characterized. They undergo strong cooperative spin transitions, large hysteresis loops, and dramatic color changes upon spin conversion. The two-dimensional homologues [Fe(py)2M(CN)4…
The goal of this article is to provide an updated and in-depth review of some of the most exciting and important developments in the processing and properties of carbon nanotubes. Nanotubes can be formed in various structures using several different processing methods. The synthesis methods used to produce specific ki…
We report the band gaps of rodlike CdSe quantum dots with diameter varying from 3.0 to 6.5 nm and length from 7.5 to 40 nm. A qualitative explanation for the dependence of band gap on width and length is presented.
If a rough surface is put in contact with a wetting liquid, the roughness may be spontaneously invaded depending on the surface pattern and the wetting properties of the liquid. Here, we study the conditions for observing such an imbibition and present practical achievements where the wetting properties of the surface…
We have demonstrated large-scale production (10 g/day) of high-purity carbon single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) using a gas-phase chemical-vapor-deposition process we call the HiPco process. SWNTs grow in high-pressure (30–50 atm), high-temperature (900–1100 °C) flowing CO on catalytic clusters of iron. The clusters are…
Degradation of a low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blend having different weight ratios of LLDPE (10–35 wt%) and HDPE (40–65 wt%) with fixed percentage of LDPE (25 wt%) was studied by aging the film samples at 55, 70, 85, and 100°C in air. Reaction…
The thermogravimetry (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) were used to study the drying kinetics of the paddy. TG experiments were carried out at different heating rates (1, 3, 10 K/min) to study the drying kinetics. The Activation energy and pre exponential factors from the Arrhenious equation were calculated f…
SUMMARY A new species of Cocconeis has been found growing on the green seaweed Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh var. laete-virens (Montagne) Weber van Bosse from Shikine Island in the Izu Islands on the Pacific coast of Japan; we propose the name Cocconeis shiki-nensis Hid. Suzuki and describe the species by lig…