Materials Literature
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Gallium is a metal that literally melts in your hand. It has low toxicity, near-zero vapor pressure, and a viscosity similar to water. Despite possessing a surface tension larger than any other liquid (near room temperature), gallium can form nonspherical ...Read More
A discussion is given of metal-insulator transitions in VO2, Ti2O3 and also in Ti2-x V x O3, which at low temperatures becomes metallic with increasing x. Although these are band-crossing transitions, there being no magnetic moments on the metallic ions, a large discontinuity is expected in the number of current-carri…
Geometric theory of the grating is developed, with special emphasis on the relation between the properties of holographic gratings and those of mechanically ruled gratings. The theory is applicable to practically all types of holographic and mechanically ruled gratings, including aspheric gratings. General expressions…
The fracture of 6 glasses was studied in vacuum, <10 −4 torr (10 −2 N/m 2 ), as a function of temperature from 25° to 775°C. Subcritical crack growth was observed in 4 of the glasses. Activation energies for crack motion ranged from 60 to 176 kcal/mol. The glasses which did not exhibit slow crack growth were “anoma…
The ferroelectric field effect has successfully been demonstrated on a bulk semiconductor (silicon) using a thin ferroelectric film of bismuth titanate (Bi4Ti3O12) deposited onto it by RF sputtering. A new memory device, the metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor transistor (MFST); has been fabricated. This device utilizes…
The different methods of treating bones are surveyed. The results of all experiments made in Uppsala to evaluate these methods are given. It is shown that the total of inorganic carbon is completely useless in this connection. The aim is to use the collagen but usually the treatments suggested in the literature were n…
Abstract Im Zustandsdiagramm des Titelsystems tritt ein begrenzter Bereich von Mischristallen (I) mit Äkermanitstruktur auf.
Abstract Die neue Hypothese besagt, daß die Säureplätze an binären Metalloxiden durch einen Überschuß einer negativen oder positiven Ladung in den Mischoxiden gebildet werden und daß sie bestimmt werden durch die Koordinationszahlen und Wertigkeiten der positiven und negativen Elemente in einer Modellstruktur binärer…
By a molecular-dynamics simulation of a three-dimensional system of 4000 particles, we show that the long-time tail of the velocity autocorrelation function has the form ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}{t}^{\ensuremath{-}\frac{3}{2}}$, where $t$ is the time and ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$ a coefficient depending on the kine…
Abstract The energies of the LMM Auger transitions show, for certain elements, a far greater dependence on chemical state than do the binding energies of the individual electrons involved in the transitions. This behaviour is not predicted by the existing models for the energy of an Auger transition but is of consider…
Normalized differential and integral electron-impact cross sections for elastic scattering and for the excitation of the $^{2}D_{\frac{5}{2}}$, $^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}}$, and $^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2},\frac{1}{2}}$ levels of atomic copper have been determined at 20 and 60 eV. An unexpectedly large cross section was found for th…
Measurements are reported of the effect of field and temperature on decaying and steady currents in an epoxy polymer. Fields up to 140 MV m −1 were used and the steady current was found to increase as exp (α F ½ ). The decaying currents followed the t − n law and increased much less rapidly with increasing field and t…
Acoustic transients can be thermally generated in water by pulsed microwave energy. The peak pressure level of these transients, measured within the audible frequency band as a function of the microwave pulse parameters, is adequate to explain the "clicks" heard by people exposed to microwave radiation.
On evaporated layers of amorphous As2Se3 the photoconductivity is studied as a function of temperature and illumination intensity. An extremely slow decay of the photocurrent is found which is almost independent of temperature in the range of high excitation. At low excitation level the recombination is considerably e…
Infrared spectra of sulfur monochloride in various solid matrices were taken at 12°K. The sharpness of the band seen at 550 cm−1 compelled its assignment as the S–S stretching mode. Enrichment of samples with 37Cl led to the identification of the chlorine isotopic splittings on the two S–Cl stretching modes observed n…
Damping and modulus measurements were made on high-purity copper subjected to both quenching and 1.0-MeV electron irradiation. During isothermal annealing at room temperature, following quenching from 700\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, we observe a monotonic decrease in the logarithmic decrement with a concurren…
The electronic structures of oxygen adsorbed on silicon (111)2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1 cleaved, (111)7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}7, and (100)2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1 surfaces and of oxidized silicon have been investigated by combining electron energy-loss spectroscopy (ELS) and ultraviole…
Measurements of changes in the elastic constants of copper and their temperature dependences resulting from stage-${I}_{C}$ close pairs and stage-${I}_{D}$ isolated interstitials are used to investigate defect configurations. The relative elastic-constant changes below 4 K per unit concentration $\ensuremath{\gamma}$…
Oxygen self-diffusion coefficients in single crystal spinels were determined for three compositions of MgO · Al2O3, MgO · 1.2Al2O3, and MgO · 2.2Al2O3 by a gas-solid exchange technique utilizing 18O as a tracer. The temperature dependence of the self-diffusion coefficient for MgO · Al2O3 was expressed as D = 0.89 exp(…
Thermoreflection and thermotransmission measurements were made on thin semitransparent films of Ag at about 320, 120, and 15 K in the range 3.40-4.40 eV. The results are in fairly good agreement with the theory presented in the preceding paper but show that thin metal films evaporated on amorphous substrates become st…