Materials Literature
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Native starch and polylactic acid (PLA) are biodegradable polymers that can be used in packaging materials. Their hydrophilic properties hinder their widespread use. Hydrophobicity can be improved significantly by acetylating native starch. This study was conducted to determine the morphological and functional propert…
Populations of dendritic spines can change in number and shape quite rapidly as a result of synaptic activity. Here, we explore the consequences of such changes on the input-output properties of a dendritic branch. We consider two models: one for activity-dependent spine densities and the other for calcium-mediated sp…
A new technique for spectral fingerprinting of major algal groups in the freshwater periphyton (i.e. cyanobacteria, green algae, and diatoms) was developed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. This technique used the differential spectral emission signatures of photosynthetic algae and allowed their spatially exp…
Modeling the effective viscosity of suspensions of spheres beyond the dilute limit is a difficult problem that has challenged researchers for nearly a century since Einstein derived an equation for dilute suspensions. Hydrodynamics modeling requires complex mathematical treatments of integral equations describing inte…
Abstract Summary: Non‐ionic pyrrole was directly intercalated into unmodified montmorillonite (MMT) and organically modified MMT galleries by adsorption, and subsequently polymerized within the interlamellar spaces by a mechanochemical route under solvent‐free conditions. XRD analysis revealed the successful intercala…
The synthesis and characterization of novel thermotropic liquid crystals based on thiophene are reported. In these molecules, a thiophene ring, 1−4 disubstituted phenyl rings, and ester and azomethine linking units form the core fragment, and an alkoxy unit serves as the terminal group. All compounds exhibited an enan…
Abstract Summary: A novel way to prepare polymer hair/polysilsesquioxane core hybrid nanospheres is presented based on a self‐assembly and gelation process of a reactive block copolymer, poly(ethylene oxide)‐ block ‐poly[3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate] (PEO 113 ‐ b ‐PTMSPMA 206 ). Nanospheres of uniform size w…
Shell cross-linked (SCL) micelles with hydroxy-functional coronas have been constructed in aqueous solution by exploiting the micellar self-assembly behavior of a new thermoresponsive ABC triblock copolymer. This copolymer was prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization in a convenient one-pot synthesis and comp…
A UV-vis microspectroscopy methodology for monitoring the speciation and macrodistribution of catalyst-precursor species inside catalyst-support bodies at the initial stages of catalyst preparation has been developed. The setup is based upon optical-fiber technology and allows spatially resolved analysis of bisected c…
It has been well accepted that polyethylene imine (PEI) is an effective dispersant for silicon carbide (SiC) in aqueous media. However, after the addition of sintering additives (Al 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3 ), this dispersing effect is reduced significantly. In this work, a second dispersant, citric acid, was used to resolve…
Palladium-surface-metallized polyimide films were prepared by an unusual macromolecular-matrix-mediated, single-stage synthetic protocol first reported by Taylor et al. ( J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 876). Several Pd(II) complexes, [PdCl 2 (SMe 2 ) 2 ], [PdBr 2 (SMe 2 ) 2 ], and Pd(CF 3 COO) 2, were dissolved in the p…
Abstract To improve the processability and prevent the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), various plasticizers and heat stabilizers have to be compounded. Phthalic plasticizers and metal soap stabilizers are usually used with epoxides as costabilizers. Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), is one of the most c…
In this paper, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) was selected as a dispersant for preparation of high concentrated silicon carbide (SiC) slurries in an ethanol (EtOH)/methyl ethylene ketone (MEK) solvent system. The interactions between (1) solvent and powders, (2) the solvent and dispersant, and (3) dispersant and powder…
Oxidation of SiC compositionally graded (SCGed) graphite coated with HfO 2 derived from HfCl 4 by a sol–gel process was performed at 1500° and 1600°C in a flowing gas mixture of Ar and O 2 (80/20 kPa). SCGed graphite was produced by reaction of graphite with either molten Si or SiO gas at 1450°C. The sol–gel‐derived H…
The phenomenon of Cavitation gives rise to a number of interesting physicalchemical effects which can be employed to isolate and oxidize contaminants in water. The micro bubbles generated by pressure pulses inside a liquid act as small reactors, reaching extreme P-T conditions during short periods of time and generati…
Abstract Mineral scales are formed in cooling water systems and they cause heat transfer problems. Much research has been carried out to reduce the carbonate and sulphate scales of calcium. To inhibit the scale formation in cooling water systems, vinyl acetate–acrylic acid (VA–AA) and vinyl acetate– methacrylic acid (…
The bonding structure of highly ordered fullerenelike (FL) carbon nitride $(\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{N}}_{x})$ thin films has been assessed by x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES). Samples with different degrees of FL character have been analyzed to discern spectral signatures related to the FL microstructure. Th…
In our continuing efforts to prepare macroporous monoliths of functional inorganic materials through novel template-free routes, we present here routes to porous NiO starting from Ni−Zn oxalates, and to porous ZnFe 2 O 4 starting from Zn−Fe oxalates. Monolithic Ni has been prepared from porous NiO by hydrogen reductio…
Porous Si 3 N 4 ceramics were synthesized by pressureless sintering of green compacts prepared using slip casting of slurries containing Si 3 N 4 , 5 wt% Y 2 O 3 +2 wt% Al 2 O 3 , and 0–60% organic whiskers composed of phenol–formaldehyde resin with solids loading up to 60 wt%. Rheological properties of slurries were…
The physical and mechanical properties of 12 glasses from the Y–(Mg,Ca)–Si–Al–O–N and (Mg,Ca)–Si–Al–O–N systems were investigated. The effect of the substitution of magnesium for calcium through two series of glasses, one consisting of oxides glasses and the other of glasses containing 6 at.% of nitrogen (15 e/o N), w…