Materials Literature
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SrTiO 3 thin films have been prepared on titanium substrates using strontium acetate solutions in newly constructed flow‐system equipment by the hydrothermal‐electrochemical method. The synthesis parameters (temperature of 120°‐200°C and flow rate of 1‐40 mL/min) allow fabrication of dense, single‐phase films with gra…
The chemical and structural surface-aging effects brought about by the presence of water in emeraldine base (EB) polyaniline (PANI) doped with Pd or Pt protonic acids were studied. IR spectroscopy, XRD, XPS and heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation (alkyne→alkene→alkane) were applied to characterise the PANI–Pd and PA…
The phase transition mm21′←m′m2′observed in some boracites is regarded as a ferrotoroic phase transition, i.e., the toroidal moment is treated as the transition order parameter. This makes it possible to explain the observed narrow peak in the temperature dependence of the magnetoelectric tensor component α32.
Multilayer γ-ray exposure buildup factors of up to 40 mfp were calculated using an electron-photon cascade Monte Carlo code, EGS4, as a point isotropic source. A kind of splitting technique was used in the EGS4 calculations in order to obtain reasonable results at very deep penetration problems, such as 40 mfp.The dou…
Secondary electron (SE) emission from spacecraft surfaces as a result of energetic electron bombardment is a key process in the electrical charging of spacecraft. It has been suggested that incorporating more complete knowledge of the energy- and angular-distributions of secondary electrons is necessary to fully model…
In this paper, the fatigue cracking possibility in different kinds of copper bicrystals with large‐angle grain boundaries (GBs) and copper multicrystals containing some low‐angle GBs are compared. The results showed that the fatigue cracks, in the copper bicrystals, always nucleated firstly along GBs no matter whether…
Directional solidification under uniaxial stress is analyzed. In the absence of stress, it is well known that the moving planar front undergoes a morphological Mullins-Sekerka (MS) instability. Under uniaxial stress, even an interface at rest develops an instability known by the names of Asaro, Tiller, and Grinfeld (A…
The laser beam weldability of AZ31B magnesium alloy was examined with high power CW CO2 and pulsed Nd:YAG lasers. The low viscosity and surface tension of the melt pool make magnesium more difficult to weld than steel. Welding parameters necessary to obtain good welds were determined for both CW CO2 and pulsed Nd:YAG…
In this study, we present a novel approach to simulate and characterize the behavior of fibers during processing using a modified version of the familiar rotor ring system. With this modification, we attempt to create an area approximately resembling the carding zone and measure the energy required to shear the fibers…
The effects on goats of Calotropis procera latex given by different routes of administration were investigated. The administration of latex at 1 ml/Kg body weight via the oral route or at 0.005 ml/Kg body weight/day via the intravenous or intraperitoneal route caused death of the goats between 20 minutes and 4 days. W…
The largest application field for complex perovskite Pb(B′B′′)O3 relaxor based products has been multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLC). The other promising field for relaxor applications is piezoelectric transducers. One of the big advantages of relaxors-lead titanate PbTiO3 (PT) systems compared with PZT ceramics is th…
A eukaryotic fumarase is for the first time unequivocally shown to contain two distinct substrate-binding sites. Pig heart fumarase is a tetrameric enzyme consisting of four identical subunits of 50 kDa each. Besides the true substrates L-malate and fumarate, the active sites (sites A) also bind their analogs D-malate…
The change in electrical conductivity of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) when going from the oxidized state to the neutral state was measured using impedance spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity is reduced by nearly three orders of magnitude upon dedoping, a value much less than usually reported for conj…
In Sweden the official method for estimating plant available potassium (K) is well calibrated to Swedish soils, but mainly provides information about exchangeable K. The objective was to evaluate a 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution (K‐CaCl2), with regard to its compatibility with standard laboratory procedures,…
1,3-Dioxane-2-thione (trimethylene thiocarbonate (1)) was prepared by the reaction of 1,3-propanediol with thiophosgene and a tertiary amine. This new monomer crystallizes easily from ligroin, but it is difficult to purify because it is unstable at temperatures ≥25°C due to spontaneous oligomerization. Its cationic po…
Localization of inelastic flow and crack initiation in fee single crystals are studied experimentally and by numerical simulations, focusing on the anisotropic inelastic response of the crystal, and the mechanism of possible crack initiation and growth, produced upon unloading by the residual inhomogeneous plastic str…
Abstract While gels are usually considered to be soft materials, we demonstrate that it is possible to model hard sphere behaviour when the gel structure is confined to spherical objects of sizes in the colloidal range. We have measured the static structure factor of microgel spheres dispersed in good solvents, differ…
Rothemund synthesis of porphyrins is conveniently achieved using p-toluenesulfonic acid-catalysed reaction between pyrrole and aldehyde with azeotropic removal of the water formed in the reaction. These conditions are suitable for moderate-scale reactions and involve an easy work-up. In this way, 5,10,15,20-tetrahepty…
Tables of differential and total elastic scattering cross sections for 92 elements in the atomic number range 13⩽Z⩽104 and for selected photon energies in the range 50–1500 keV have been presented. The energies are chosen to cover the most commonly used photon energies and in a suitable grid so as to enable one to use…
Polyimide films are now finding application in microelectronics and microelectromechanical systems technology. One problem with polyimide films is their tendency to adsorb water from ambient humid air, which can cause significant changes in the mechanical and electrical behavior of these films and even lead to their f…