Materials Literature
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Optical gaps and electrochromic efficiencies of sputtered tungsten oxide films are studied by focusing attention on the cluster size of the film. The cluster consists of O‐W‐O network with terminal W=O bonds on its boundary. The quantity of W=O bonds increased with the surface area of the clusters. Raman scattering ba…
Polycrystalline copper (I) oxide films were deposited on stainless steel substrate by galvanostatic electrodeposition method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of bath temperature, bath pH and current density on the compositon, grain size, surface texture and surfa…
meso -Tetrakis(5-trimethylammoniopentyl)porphyrin (TMAP) was incorporated in MCM-41 directly during a hydrothermal synthesis or by a surfactant ↔ porphyrin ion-exchange reaction with as-synthesized MCM-41. Both methods permitted encapsulation of the porphyrin within the mesoporous channel system. UV−vis absorption spe…
Novel polymer electrolytes based on network polymers with free chain ends have been prepared, and the effects of the free chain ends on the thermal and mechanical properties, the ionic conductivity, and the charge‐transfer resistance at the lithium electrode interface have been explored in detail. Terminal hydroxyl gr…
This paper presents a detailed theoretical treatment of the partial oxidation of methane to syngas (OMS) on transition and coinage metal (M) catalysts (M = Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu). The adsorption energies for a number of intermediates in the dissociation of methane on the metals were calculated using medium sized cluster mode…
Investigations of perovskite‐type BaCeO 3 and SrCeO 3 with various dopants (Y, Gd, Nd, and Ni) indicate that their microstructures and electrical properties are strongly influenced by the type and amount of dopants. Grain growth and densification of sintered samples are influenced by dopant level and A:B site nonstoic…
We report on a detailed study of the phase transformation previously proposed as the origin of the second low voltage plateau, occasionally observed during the discharge of Ni‐based alkaline batteries. This was done by means of intermittent galvanostatic as well as low rate potentiodynamic techniques coupled with X‐ra…
The influence of pH and the concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on corrosion of iron in acid solutions was studied using a potentiostatic polarization method. The alternating current (AC) impedance technique also was used to characterize the active dissolution process of iron. Results showed the dissolution proces…
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a very sensitive technique which has been extensively employed in the study of a wide range of molecules, but an accurate interpretation of SER spectra is sometimes missing. Bands which do not correspond to the molecule under study and that can be attributed to other molec…
The fabrication of polymer/Cu2S nanoparticle hybrid films is described, in which metal–ligand interactions are used to self-organize Cu2+-neutralized polyelectrolytes and pyridine-containing polymers into alternately deposited multilayers, as illustrated in the Figure, where the circles represent the copper salt and t…
Combinations of various carbon and nitrogen substrates were used to study poly-β-hydroxybutyrate accumulation and H2 evolution by Rhodobacter sphaeroides strain RV. The cells evolved hydrogen on lactate, pyruvate, or succinate under nitrogen-deprived conditions and on lactate-glutamate and pyruvate-glutamate media. Po…
Vibrational spectrum analysis was used to study the cation arrangement in the complex perovskites. The transition from the ideal perovskite structure ABO3 to complex compositions with a pair of the A or B cations, such as A1/2′A1/2″BO3 or AB1/2′B1/2″O3, leads to drastic changes in the Raman spectra. Correlation betwee…
Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical coprecipitation and crystallized in the perovskite structure after calcining at 520 °C. The dielectric properties were measured in bulk nanocrystalline compacts with different grain sizes. It was found that there were three peaks in the curves of the dielectric…
Two new banana-shaped mesogens have been prepared and their mesophases have been studied. As indicated by calorimetry and polarizing microscopy both compounds exhibit two smectic mesophases. The structure of these phases have been studied by X-ray methods and NMR measurements. The electrooptical properties are discuss…
A novel approach for the construction of apparel sizing systems is formulated. As a first step to this process, efficient sizing systems are defined based on a mathematical model of garment fit. Nonlinear optimisation techniques are then used to derive a set of possible sizing systems using multidimensional informatio…
We investigated the optical-conductivity spectra, \ensuremath{\sigma}(\ensuremath{\omega}), of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ ($x=0.0,$ 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0) samples between 5 meV and 30 eV at room temperature. With the hole doping, \ensuremath{\sigma}(\ensuremat…
This paper discusses the design, materials, fabrication, and measurements of a novel integrated decoupling capacitor for MCM-L-based substrates, Based on modeling using the Semiconductor Industry Association Roadmap, it has been estimated that 13-72 nF/cm/sup 2/ of specific decoupling capacitance will be required for…
Three-dimensional electron diffraction intensity data have been collected for the metastable alloy phase AlmFe by a precession technique. The structure model has been derived by Patterson and Fourier calculations and by the direct method using either maximum entropy and likelihood or the tangent formula; both were bas…
A comparison of the three-dimensional structures of the closely related mesophilic Clostridium beijerinckii alcohol dehydrogenase (CBADH) and the hyperthermophilic Thermoanaerobacter brockii alcohol dehydrogenase (TBADH) suggested that extra proline residues in TBADH located in strategically important positions might…
The role of Mo in the passivation of stainless steels was investigated using ac impedance spectroscopy. Six steels were examined: two ferritic (Fe‐20Cr) alloys containing 0 and 1% Mo and four austenitic (Fe‐20Cr‐25Ni) alloys containing 0, 1, 2, and 4.5% Mo. The experiments were performed in 1 M HCl and, in some cases,…