Materials Literature
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The broadband ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) linewidth of the free layer of magnetic tunnel junctions is used as a simple diagnostic of the quality of the magnetic structure. The FMR linewidth increases near the field regions of free layer reversal and pinned layer reversal, and this increase correlates with an increas…
The plasmonic properties of noble metal nanoparticles have potential uses in a wide variety of technologies, particularly sensing devices, based on their optical response. To better understand how nanoparticles can be incorporated in such devices, the detailed relationship between the optical response and structural p…
Core-shell polystyrene-silica spheres with diameters of 800 nm and 1.9 microm were synthesized by soap-free emulsion and dispersion polymerization of the polystyrene core, respectively. The polystyrene spheres were used as templates for the synthesis of silica shells of tunable thickness employing the Stöber method [G…
Set free by light: Near-IR (NIR) laser-initiated remote release of fluorescent dye from complexes of liposome-gold-nanoparticle aggregates is demonstrated (see fluorescence images). Complexes of the desired size are shown to be a viable approach to the construction of vesicle-based drug-delivery systems with light-tri…
PEGylated quantum dots (QDs) capped with d-mannose, d-galactose, and d-galactosamine have been synthesized. The stable, high quantum yield fluorescence of QDs was exploited to study specific carbohydrate-protein interactions in vitro and in vivo.
We measured the fluorescence quantum yield (Φ f ) of several aromatic hydrocarbon crystals: p -terphenyl, trans -stilbene, anthracene, pyrene, and α-perylene. The Φ f is reduced by chemical impurities, structural defects, and reabsorption of fluorescence. To minimize the effect of chemical impurities and structural de…
Vertically aligned ZnO-ZnS heterojunction nanowire (NW) arrays were synthesized by thermal evaporation in a tube furnace under controlled conditions. Both ZnO and ZnS are of wurtzite structure, and the axial heterojunctions are formed by epitaxial growth of ZnO on ZnS with an orientation relationship of [0001](ZnO)//[…
Over the past decade, there has been an increasing number of reports on low-temperature preparations of oxides and organic−inorganic hybrids (including sol−gel, solvothermal synthesis, and atomic layer deposition) that take place in nonaqueous media and involve no water as a reactant. This growing interest lies on the…
Nanomaterials have been actively pursued for biological and medical applications in recent years. Here, we report the synthesis of several new poly(ethylene glycol) grafted branched polymers for functionalization of various nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles (NPs), and gold nanorods (NRs), af…
The electrical properties of solution-processed composite thin films consisting of functionalized graphene sheets (FGS) as the filler and polystyrene (PS) as the host material are described. We demonstrate that transistors from graphene-based composite thin films exhibit ambipolar field effect characteristics, suggest…
Synthesis of ultrasmall water-soluble fluorescent gold nanoclusters is reported. The clusters have a decent quantum yield, high colloidal stability, and can be readily conjugated with biological molecules. Specific staining of cells and nonspecific uptake by living cells is demonstrated.
We report the development of useful chemical sensors from chemically converted graphene dispersions using spin coating to create single-layer films on interdigitated electrode arrays. Dispersions of graphene in anhydrous hydrazine are formed from graphite oxide. Preliminary results are presented on the detection of NO…
Nanotechnology is the engineering and manufacturing of materials at the atomic and molecular scale. In its strictest definition from the National Nanotechnology Initiative, nanotechnology refers to structures roughly in the 1-100 nm size regime in at least one dimension. Despite this size restriction, nanotechnology c…
According to models based on continuum elasticity, strain in a coherent multilayer has a polynomial dependence with the local composition. By performing atomistic calculations within a tight-binding potential, we show that composition gradients also affect the coherency strain in Cu-Ni multilayers having a modulation…
Flute-like MgO nanotubes were successfully synthesized via a simple thermal evaporation method by using Mg(3)N(2) and Ga(2)O(3) as the source materials. The nanotubes are single-crystal cubic MgO, and have [100] orientation. In contrast to conventional nanotubes with intact walls, the flute-like MgO nanotubes possess…
Abstract A procedure for deconvolving the energy spread introduced by the primary beam and the analyzer in a reflection electron energy loss spectrum (REELS) has been developed. The procedure is based on the Richardson–Lucy (RL) algorithm. The approach has been successfully tested on experimental spectra by comparison…
We report simultaneous patterning and alignment of semiconductor nanorods (NRs) in nanorod-polymer films by using photolithographic polymerization-induced phase separation (PIPS). Exposure of the nanoparticle-monomer mixture to UV irradiation through a mask resulted in the site-specific photoinitiated polymerization o…
The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), the first family member of START (StAR-related lipid transport) proteins, plays an essential role by facilitating the movement of cholesterol from the outer to inner mitochondrial membrane. Wild-type and mutant StAR binds cholesterol with similar intensity, but only w…
Waste polypropylene (PP) has been pyrolysed to obtain mainly a liquid tar product of high yield (83.5%) with the balance as gas (15.5%) and a little residue (1.0%). The elemental composition of the PP tar was: C: 87.1%, H: 12.6% and O+others: 0.4% (by difference). The tar samples have been characterised by gas chromat…
We report on the atomic scale phenomena responsible for the variation of oxygen solubility in Zr and Ru. First-principles calculations reveal that the topologies of the charge densities in these hexagonal close-packed metals are distinct. Neither element was found to possess the topology of the prototype, Mg. There ar…