Materials Literature
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The ion and polymer content of polyelectrolyte multilayers constructed via layer-by-layer deposition have been directly probed using radioanalytical methods. Multilayers were fabricated using salt-containing or salt-free solutions. Charges on polyions quantitatively balance each other. As-deposited multilayers contain…
Although porous silicon has received the most attention over the last 5 years, other structures containing Si nanocrystallites have recently been shown to emit strong luminescence at room temperature. This presentation reviews the state-of-the-art in the preparation and properties of silicon quantum dot structures, an…
An attempt is made to assess the extent of influence of various parameters on the breakdown mechanism in short rod–plane gaps under positive impulses. Such parameters include front duration and peak value of the impulse voltage, gap length, profile of the rod and, in particular, absolute humidity. Depending on the abo…
The oxidation behaviour of the phase in Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets containing additional elements (Al, Co, V, Nb, Mo) was investigated by Mössbauer spectrometry. The microstructure of the different samples was first characterized. Added elements were detected in both intergranular and intragranular precipitates. The pre…
The phase transition in sol-gel-derived barium titanate thin films has been investigated. The room temperature dielectric constant ) and loss tangent of the films were found to be 400 and 0.01 respectively. The dielectric constant has a broad peak of lower magnitude at . The polarization-field relationship ( P - E ) h…
Circulating-current loss in stranded windings of transformers has always attracted the attention of transformer designers. Analytical formulae based on the axial leakage field have long been used by designers for the calculation of circulating-current loss. The authors discuss these analytical formulae and compares th…
A mixed glass former effect has been observed in the glassy system 0.3Li 2 S−0.7[(1− x )SiS 2 − x GeS 2 ], where 0 ≤ x ≤ 1. It corresponds to a large enhancement of ionic conductivity for compositions 0.50 ≤ x ≤ 0.64. The variations of the electrical characteristics are closely related to those of the glass transition…
We provide direct evidence that Er ions incorporated in the depletion layer of a p+–n+ Si junction are efficiently pumped through an impact excitation process with hot carriers. The carriers were accelerated by the electric field present in the depletion layer after being produced by either Zener breakdown of the junc…
The phenomenological model based on the Ginsburg–Devonshire equation has been applied to investigate the size effect in thin SrTiO3 and BaxSr1−xTiO3 films. The size effect is caused by two phenomena: spatial correlation of the polarization and boundary conditions for the ferroelectric polarization on electrodes. The e…
A thin layer of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited (PECVD) heavily phosphorus doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) film was annealed by cw Ar+ laser scanning. Different from conventionally prepared polycrystalline Si films, it was found that nanocrystalline Si (nc-Si) was formed in our laser annealed sa…
The $k$-dependent electronic structure of the low temperature ferromagnetic state of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.2}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1.8}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ was measured using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and calculated using the local spin density approximation (LSDA). The measured near-Fermi energy st…
A supercooled binary mixture of soft disks in 2D, studied using molecular dynamics simulations, exhibits a breakdown of scaling between the self-diffusion constant and a structural relaxation time below a crossover temperature. Evidence is presented that this breakdown arises from two causes. First, the small displace…
We investigate the optical transmission spectra of quasi-periodic dielectric multilayer slabs arranged in a fashion that exhibits what has been called deterministic disorders. They can be of the so-called substitutional sequences type, and are characterized by the nature of their Fourier spectrum, which can be dense p…
We have investigated the effect of the initial condition on the spreading exponents of the one-dimensional pair contact process (PCP) and threshold transfer process (TTP).The non-order field was found to exhibit critical fluctuations, relaxing to its natural value with the same power-law as the order parameter field.…
A technology has been developed to make all polymer integrated circuits. It involves reproducible fabrication of field-effect transistors in which the semiconducting, conducting and insulating parts are all made of polymers. The fabrication on flexible substrates uses spin-coating of electrically active precursors and…
Polyethyleneglycol-based networks were employed as substrates to graft bioactive peptides to study macrophage interactions with materials. Our overall objective was to utilize biologically active factors to stimulate certain macrophage function on materials suitable for implantation in connective tissues. In this stud…
Blends of Nylon 6 with very low density polyethylene (VLDPE) have been studied. The blends exhibit two phase morphology wherein VLDPE is dispersed in the form of spherical domains in Nylon 6 matrix. The water absorption of the blends decreased with increasing VLDPE content. The mechanical properties of these blends sh…
A series of (2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate)(n-propoxy)cyclotriphosphazenes (HPCP) has been prepared by the reaction of N3P3Cl6 with n-propanol and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) sequentially in the appropriate solvents. These phosphazene compounds are characterized by a combination of Fourier transform infrared, ultra…
A maleic-anhydride-grafted styrene–ethylene—butylene–styrene (SEBS–MA) triblock copolymer has been used as a compatibilizer in low-density polyethylene–wood flour (LDPE–WF) composite system. The location of compatibilizer was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The unsaturated parts of the copolymer…
The flow of granular material through a rough narrow pipe is described by the Langevin equation formalism. The stochastic force is caused by irregular interaction between the wall and the granular particles. In correspondence with experimental observations we find clogging and density waves in the flowing material.