Materials Literature
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The dependence of the morphology of macropores in p‐type silicon electrodes on formation parameters such as substrate doping density, electrolyte composition, and applied current density is investigated. The results are compared with the well‐understood case of electrochemical macropore formation on n‐type silicon ele…
Organic electroluminescent devices that emit polarized light will be useful as backlights in conventional liquid-crystal displays. The necessary high polarization ratios require, in turn, highly aligned emitters. The various methods of orientation are discussed, together with the materials to which they are applicable…
The preparation of micrometer to nanometer-sized building blocks that can be selectively derivatized is reported here. Segmented multi-metal rods of controllable length (see Cover) were fabricated by electroplating in porous template membranes. Additionally it is shown how the surface chemistry of different parts with…
Photovoltaic devices remain an important aim for thin films of conjugated polymers. Here is reported the construction of devices with improved photovoltaic performance, which is achieved by blending elongated CdSe nanocrystals (see Figure) with regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene). Improved transport arising from dense…
Corrosion of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys is an authoritative reference on aluminum corrosion processes and prevention techniques. It covers basic forms of corrosion including pitting and crevice corrosion, intergranular and exfoliation corrosion, galvanic and stray-current corrosion, cavitation and fretting corrosion…
The isothermal tetragonal‐to‐monoclinic transformation of a 3Y‐TZP ceramic is investigated from 70° to 130°C in water and in steam by X‐ray diffraction and optical interferometer techniques. Aging kinetics followed by X‐ray diffraction are fitted by the Mehl‐Avrami‐Johnson law, suggesting nucleation and growth to be t…
The crystallographic problem: A Windows-95-based program (PowderX) has been written for powder X-ray data processing and analysis. It can be used for plotting X-ray patterns, data smoothing, background subtraction, 2 elimination, peak search, indexing and zero-angle error correction. PowderX can also be used for data…
▪ Abstract The synthesis of nanocrystalline diamond films from carbon-containing noble gas plasmas is described. The nanocrystallinity is the result of new growth and nucleation mechanisms, which involve the insertion of C 2 , carbon dimer, into carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds, resulting in hetereogeneous nucl…
▪ Abstract Recently there has been a resurgence of research efforts related to the investigation of new and novel materials for small-scale thermoelectric refrigeration and power generation applications. These materials need to couple and optimize a variety of properties in order to exhibit the necessary figure of mer…
Metal oxide interfaces, metal coatings or dispersed metals on oxide supports play an important part in many technological areas. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of fundamental knowledge about the essential properties of thin metal films and small metal particles on oxide supports, although a deeper understanding c…
Are nanotubes ideally suited to a straightforward reinforcing role? Results reported here indicate that that may not be the case, but they could find application as a polymer modifier. A successful route is described for the fabrication of large composite films containing carbon nanotubes based on the formation of a s…
▪ Abstract The chemical effects of ultrasound derive primarily from acoustic cavitation. Bubble collapse in liquids results in an enormous concentration of energy from the conversion of the kinetic energy of the liquid motion into heating of the contents of the bubble. The high local temperatures and pressures, combin…
The category Computer Program Abstracts provides a rapid means of communicating up-to-date information concerning both new programs or systems and signi®cant updates to existing ones. Following normal submission, a Computer Program Abstract will be reviewed by one or two members of the IUCr Commission on Crystallograp…
Chemical reactions occurring in the combustion and decomposition of char-forming polymeric systems and the effects of the nature of the polymer and additives on the reaction pathways are discussed. The thermal characteristics of the chars formed upon combustion are considered. The bibliography includes 86 references.
A number of anomalous effects occurring at the compensation and Curie points of ferrites are explained on the basis of the concept of unidirectional exchange anisotropy. Among these are the violation of 'evennies' for the magnetostrictive, magnetoresistive, and magnetocaloric effects, the antiferromagnetic paraprocess…
The mechanisms of the heterogeneous photocatalytic behavior of TiO 2 and Cs 3 PW 12 O 40 for the oxidative destruction of N -methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) in water are discussed. Both photocatalysts generate N -methylsuccinimide (NMS) and succinimide as the main intermediates from oxidation at the α-carbon and methyl posi…
Generic quantum interference effects occuring in 1D-quasicrystals are reviewed with emphasis on the joint effect of phason disorder on electronic localization and propagation modes. In close conjunction with properties of real materials, the contributions of quantum interferences in several regimes close to the metal…
Experimental solubilities are reported for anthracene dissolved in ternary dibutyl ether + 1-propanol + cyclohexane, dibutyl ether + 2-propanol + cyclohexane, dibutyl ether + 1-butanol + cyclohexane, dibutyl ether + 2-butanol + cyclohexane, and dibutyl ether + 2-methyl-1-propanol + cyclohexane solvent mixtures at 25 °…
The boundary integral formulation of the solution to the Stokes equations is used to describe the deformation of small compound non-Newtonian axisymmetric drops suspended in a Newtonian fluid that is subjected to an axisymmetric flow field. The non-Newtonian stress is treated as a source term in the Stokes equations,…
Complexation of the ligand 3-diphenylamino-4-hydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (diphenylaminosquarate) with metal salts of La, Eu, Gd and Tb produced the first set of lanthanide complexes with a monosubstituted aminosquarate ligand. The lanthanum complex La[(C 6 H 5 ) 2 NC 4 O 3 ] 3 (H 2 O) 6 ·5H 2 O ( 1 ) is monomeric…