Materials Literature
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The transport properties of condensed matter are traditionally described in terms of charge currents, spin currents, and heat currents, each associated with a distinct flux of physical quantities. In this work we introduce a new concept, the internal information flow, denoted by J_I, which quantifies the rate of chang…
Proteins that reversibly adopt multiple stable folds challenge the classical sequence–structure paradigm, yet their discovery remains limited because fold switching is difficult to detect experimentally and current computational methods fail to resolve the underlying conformationally plastic regions. Here we present M…
This paper develops a revised mathematical solution framework for the chemistry challenge "How can life-cycle chemistry be integrated into polymer design before a material is manufactured?". The proposed Ex-Ante Lifecycle Polymer Design Objective (ELPDO) was constructed after an earlier formulation failed or remained…
Abstract To promote the use of eco-friendly green pesticides as storage pests, this study was designed to evaluate the insecticidal effects of Prangos ferulacea Lindl. essential oil and powder on Callosobruchus maculatus F in vitro.The LC 50 value of the essential oil was 16.28 μL/L, and the LD 50 value of the powder…
ABSTRACT Optimizing promoters is crucial for designing efficient catalysts for ammonia (NH 3 ) synthesis under mild conditions. However, this endeavor is often hampered by a fundamental trade‐off: weak metal‐promoter interactions (MPI) lead to promoter segregation, while excessively strong ones block active sites, bot…
Working paper and evidence data. Five current model families (DeepSeek, Mistral, OpenAI, Anthropic, Gemini; 2026) audited under one protocol across 30 academic topics. Condition A verified all 194 author-year citations the models embedded in prose (none fabricated after adjudication). Condition B verified 1,500 one-sh…
Abstract Early identification of optimal chromatography resins is essential but challenging due to extensive experimental data requirements and process complexities. This study explores transfer learning as a method to maximize data reuse, enhancing efficiency in resin screening and design space identification. Two tr…
Abstract In molecular electronics, the development of molecular wires capable of carrying high electrical current with minimal loss remains a central challenge, despite extensive efforts in both solution-phase and ultrahigh-vacuum synthesis. Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with their structural robustness and tunable elec…
The structural evolution and oxidation reactivity of partially converted mineral-free biomass-derived chars were investigated under both low and high heating rate conditions in O 2 and CO 2 atmospheres. Applying two-dimensional non-local density functional theory (2D-NLDFT) to CO 2 and N 2 physisorption data allowed f…
FINDING: Prime numbers exhibit non-random structural patterns linked to modular forms and lattice symmetries, with recent breakthroughs in 2025 revealing new constraints on prime gaps. MATH: Prime gaps bounded by \( O(\log^2 p) \) (Zhang–Maynard–Tao); new 2025 result: \( \liminf_{n\to\infty} (p_{n+1} - p_n) \leq 246 \…
Achieving both high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term operational stability remains a formidable challenge for organic solar cells (OSCs). Dimeric small-molecule acceptors (DSMAs), constructed by linking small-molecule acceptor (SMA) subunits, have recently emerged as promising candidates. However, their…
Background and Objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by dense extracellular matrix (ECM) with overexpression of extra domain B fibronectin (EDB-FN). Methods: Herein, we investigated novel albumin-binding peptide–drug conjugates, Mc-ZD2-SN38 and SSC-ZD2-SN38, which integrate the prolonged…
High-entropy perovskite oxides offer a promising platform for tailoring magnetic functionality through compositional complexity; however, it remains unclear how targeted substitution of 4d transition metals modifies oxygen-mediated electronic structure and element-specific magnetic interactions. To address this questi…
Syphilis diagnosis requires pairing treponemal and non-treponemal antibody results, yet rapid tests combining both markers lose sensitivity at the low RPR titers (≤1:4) most critical in early infection and pregnancy. The limitation lies with the reporter: conventional gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) cannot generate high-co…
This paper develops a revised mathematical solution framework for the chemistry challenge "How can catalyst discovery incorporate scarcity, toxicity, recyclability, and supply-chain risk as design variables?". The proposed Sustainability-Constrained Catalyst Discovery Pareto Model (SCCDP) was constructed after an earl…
Alzheimer's disease affects tens of millions of people worldwide and is associated with the self-assembly of the Aβ42 peptide into amyloid aggregates. Among the species formed during this process, soluble oligomeric intermediates are the most closely linked to neurotoxicity and are therefore an attractive target for b…
The traditional view of electron condensation in solids focuses on real‑space localization or the formation of Cooper pairs in momentum space that are isotropic in nature. In this work we propose a new theoretical framework, termed Directional Electron Condensation (DEC), in which electrons preferentially condense alo…
Abstract The distribution of charge in metals governs their atomic bonding characteristics, which are intimately linked to their mechanical properties. However, experimental studies directly connecting charge distribution to mechanical strength remain limited, due to the lack of methods capable of mapping interatomic…
The primary mechanism causing energy topological distortion in the target area is the high-order synergy between boiling phase transition and inertial cavitation caused by high-power short-pulse (HPSP) focused ultrasound. A new multi-physics model that links bubble swarms with the thermo-acoustic phase transition at a…
Abstract Paddlewheel diruthenium (Ru2) complexes are promising modulators of protein aggregation due to their tunable coordination chemistry and dual-action properties. Here, we investigate the interaction of five Ru2 complexes with hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), an amyloid model, to elucidate their antiaggregation ca…