Materials Literature
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Interactions between the plasma and the vessel walls constitute a major engineering problem for next step fusion devices, such as ITER, determining the choice of the plasma-facing materials. A prominent issue in this choice is the tritium inventory build-up in the vessel, which must be limited for safety reasons. The…
We report a solution-phase conversion process of the [Au 25 (SCH 2 CH 2 Ph) 18 ] − anionic cluster into a charge neutral cluster [Au 25 (SCH 2 CH 2 Ph) 18 ] 0 via air oxidation. The one-electron loss of the Au 25 − cluster and conversion to Au 25 0 is a surprise in light of the chemical inertness of gold nanoparticles…
Low cost silicon carbide nanopowder, which used nanosized SiO2 and carbon as raw materials, was synthesised by a carbothermal reduction method. Thermogravimetry differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) curves revealed that the SiC synthesis process had two steps for La was added. In the first step, after 0·3 wt-%La…
Sea salt contamination of overhead medium voltage insulators is the most common cause to outages in power systems installed in coastal regions. The contamination level of insulators is generally expressed by the equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD), which is the parameter that is taken into account, from almost ever…
Abstract Hot Filament – CVD diamond films with sub‐micron grain size have been exposed to atomic oxygen (AO) and annealed in ultra‐high vacuum at 700 °C. After oxidation, the surface was exposed in‐situ to thermally activated hydrogen or ex‐situ to hydrogen MW plasma in order to assess the surface regeneration mechani…
Magnetotransport measurements have been performed on Fibonacci lateral superlattices---two-dimensional electron gases subjected to a weak potential modulation arranged in the Fibonacci sequence $LSLLSLS\dots{}$ with $L/S=\ensuremath{\tau}$ (golden ratio). Complicated commensurability oscillation (CO) is observed, whic…
Dry sliding wear occurs when two bodies are in sliding contact. During the process of sliding, fragments may be pulled out from one surface and they may stick on to the other. Later on, these may get transferred back or may become loose wear particles. This paper reports the effects of different experimental condition…
Using first‐principles calculations, the enthalpies of formation of NdAlO 3 and Nd 4 Al 2 O 9 from neodymia and alumina are predicted to be −41.1 and −104.5 kJ/mol‐form, respectively, and Nd 4 Al 2 O 9 is predicted to be a stable compound at all temperatures up to its peritectic decomposition temperature. In the case…
The influence of the development of a ferroelectric state on the elastic properties of ${\text{KTa}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Nb}}_{x}{\text{O}}_{3}$ relaxor crystals is explored. The high sensitivity of the elastic stiffness tensor to the polar distortions and their reorientational dynamics is individual for each par…
Abstract The stability of 70 : 24 : 6 w/w/w blends of a lactic acid‐based hot melt adhesive (LHM), oxidized potato starch (dried or nondried), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was studied. Pure LHM was used as a reference material. The methods used included tensile testing, water absorption, and scanning electron microsc…
Heat generation of uranium dioxide (UO 2 ) powder and its pressureless rapid sintering behaviors have been studied using a high‐frequency induction heating apparatus. The porous graphite housing has been used to prevent heat loss and to preheat the uranium oxides, simultaneously. At an elevated temperature, UO 2 powde…
The structural polymorphism exhibited by a thin polymer film of symmetric poly(2-vinyl pyridine- b -methyl methacrylate) (P2VP- b -PMMA), cast by spin-coating, in the presence of selective solvent CCl 4 has been investigated. Morphological features can be switched upon exposure to selective vapor. On the basis of this…
In this paper, we demonstrate a novel phase-change memory cell utilizing a low-temperaturein situdoped single crystalline germanium nanowire diode as a bottom electrode as well as a memory-cell selection device. The integrated memory cell shows promising characteristics such as low programming current, large set/reset…
The suitability of nickel as an alloying element in titanium alloys produced using the blended elemental powder metallurgy approach has been explored. Nickel initially accelerates sintering, providing greater densification at lower temperature than observed for unalloyed titanium. However, it provides only a minor imp…
Abstract Plasmon spectroscopy of the thinnest possible membrane, a single layer of carbon atoms, graphene, has been carried out in conjunction with ab initio calculations of the low loss function. We observe π‐ and π + σ‐surface plasmon modes in free‐standing single sheets at 4.7 eV and 14.8 eV which are substantially…
Polymer non-volatile memory devices in 8 × 8 array cross-bar architecture were fabricated by a non-aqueous direct metal transfer (DMT) method using a two-step thermal treatment. Top electrodes with a linewidth of 2 µm were transferred onto the polymer layer by the DMT method. The switching behaviour of memory devices…
Abstract By thermal evaporation of pure ZnO powders, high-density vertical-aligned ZnO nanorod arrays with diameter ranged in 80–250 nm were successfully synthesized on Si substrates covered with ZnO seed layers. It was revealed that the morphology, orientation, crystal, and optical quality of the ZnO nanorod arrays h…
We present electromagnetic invisible cloaks and concentrators which are composed of inhomogeneous and anisotropic metamaterials with a square-shaped outer boundary and a circular-shaped inner boundary. Using the technique of coordinate transformation, closed-form formulations of the permittivity and permeability tenso…
The impact of the submolecular electron density on the X-ray diffraction profile of a layer-stacked thin film is studied experimentally and compared with numerical simulations based on the molecular structure and angular arrangement. Important structural information is contained in the X-ray diffraction profile of hig…
This article describes a two-silane, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach to creating hydrophobic (or even superhydrophobic), abrasion-resistant coatings on silicon oxide and polymer (nylon) substrates. This multistep approach employs only reagents delivered in the gas phase, as follows: (i) plasma cleaning/oxidat…