Materials Literature
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Conjugated polymers offer, in principle, the combination of polymer processibility together with interesting electronic properties. The feasibility of controlling materials to give structures with well-defined properties has provided an important focus for the experimental work. A decade or so since the first work on…
The elastic softening of grain boundaries is evaluated from the starting point of grain boundary energy. Several examples are given to illustrate the relationship between boundary energy and the extent of softening. In general, a high grain boundary energy is associated with a large excess atomic volume in the boundar…
The microstructural evolution during grain growth at large driving forces of an ultrafine-grained Ni–1.2wt%P solid solution (starting grain size of 7nm) is evaluated for the temperature range 473 to 873 K. It is shown that the material is thermally stable as a nanocrystalline structure up to 623 K. At higher annealing…
Transmission electron microscopy techniques are used to characterize the development of the polytwinned microstructures during Al → Ll0 ordering in FePd and FePt alloys. Also, Lorentz microscopy methods are used to image the magnetic domain structures which are associated with these magnetically modulated twin assem…
The effects of temperature and strain rate on dislocation glide at constant structure in nickel and nickel alloys are summarized in terms of their dependence on structure, making expanded use of a diagram introduced by Haasen. New results on the temperature and strain-rate dependence of the rate of strain hardening in…
The formation of metastable phases in non-equilibrium processing techniques is still not understood quantitatively. This is mainly a result of the lack of detailed information on kinetic constraints and the thermodynamics of the systems investigated. In this paper a thermodynamic approach for the interpretation of met…
The influence of annealing twin density on CSL distributions in f.c.c. materials is discussed. Geometric considerations are presented which show that as a consequence of both energetic and crystallographic constraints associated with twinning, a CSL distribution consisting entirely of low-Σ boundaries is attainable. C…
Abstract During the vulcanization of cis ‐1,4‐polyisoprene (IR) with thiruam‐related curing systems, dimethyldithiocarbamic acid (DMDCA) is formed as a byproduct, in the formation of either pendent groups or crosslinks. DMDCA is unstable, and decomposes instantly to Me 2 NH and CS 2 in the absence of ZnO. The facile r…
For pt.I see ibid., vol.3, p.7831 (1991). A recent theory of transport in ionic conducting glasses treats dielectric relaxation in a pair approximation at high frequencies, an augmented pair approximation at intermediate frequencies, and a cluster theory at low frequencies (below the alpha -peak in the imaginary part…
Structural properties and medium-range order (MRO) in calcium metasilicate (CaSiO3) glass are investigated at different concentrations of calcium oxide through the molecular dynamics technique. Calculations are based on the Born–Mayer–Huggins potential, and show that the experimental Ca–Ca partial structure factor, wh…
A TiN-encapsulated copper structure was made by annealing a Cu-10 at. %Ti alloy film evaporated on a SiO2/Si(100) substrate at 550 °C in a NH3 ambient. A fast heating rate (70 °C/min) to 550 °C can effectively suppress the formation of Cu3Ti and enhance the TiNx formation near the surface of the copper film. Oxygen in…
We used diffusing wave spectroscopy to determine the phase diagrams of binary mixtures of charge-stabilized colloidal particles of different dimensions in the low-screening limit. As the ratio of radii r=${\mathit{r}}_{1}$/${\mathit{r}}_{2}$ was increased progressively towards 1, the structure of the diagrams evolved…
We have used a scanning-tunneling-microscope tip as a source of both electrons and holes to study injection luminescence from CdS(112\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}0) surfaces cleaved in UHV. Band-gap radiation and emission from radiative deep levels are resolved in optical spectra. Isochromat photon-intensity…
We have calculated, by means of ab initio techniques, the equilibrium geometries, total energies, binding energies, and fragmentation energies for the clusters ${\mathrm{B}}_{\mathit{n}}$, with n=2--8, in both the neutral and cationic states. The ionization potentials for the neutral clusters have also been calculated…
The one- and two-electron ground-state energies of a silicon sphere embedded in an amorphous silicon dioxide matrix are calculated as a function of the sphere size. The electron-electron interaction and polarization effects are treated by perturbation; our quantum-mechanical calculation is valid for small spheres with…
Abstract The relation between atomic structure and elastic properties of grain boundaries is investigated theoretically from both atomistic and continuum points of view. A heterogeneous continuum model of the boundary is introduced where distinct phases are associated with individual atoms and possess their atomic lev…
We describe a phenomenological model for the thermal fluctuations of a three-phase contact line in the case of three fluid phases. The model is an extension of an earlier model for the case of two fluids and one solid. In the previous model only one interface was allowed to fluctuate, and the contact line was constrai…
Ci0H6FI2NiO6, M,=508.9, monoclinic, C2/c, a = 21.195 (5), b = 8.247 (2), c = 9.741 (2) ,/3 = 95.91 (2) °, V = 1693.6 (7) )~3, Dx = 1.996 Mg m-3, Z=4, #=1.298mm-1, A(MoKa)=0.71073./~, F(000)=1000, T=298K, R=0.0369 and wR = 0.0645 for 157 variable parameters (S= 0.59) and 1112 reflections with F>0~r(F). The Ni atom pos…
We describe a phenomenological model for the thermal fluctuations of the line of contact between two fluid phases and one solid phase. The line of contact between the three phases is constrained to lie along the solid surface, which is assumed to be smooth, flat, and horizontal with respect to gravity. In order to mod…