Materials Literature
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This study was undertaken to examine the unresolved questions surrounding the influence of household fabric softeners and cellulase-enzyme containing laundry detergents on pilling and strength of selected fabrics. Results showed that dryer sheet softeners were not associated with an increase in pilling, a greasy hand,…
XPS spectra have been obtained from 11 metals in the third row of transition elements using a Quantum 2000 Scanning ESCA Microprobe. The metals analyzed include La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au, Tl, Pb, and Bi. Each sample was Ar+ ion etched before XPS analysis to remove surface contamination and/or oxide. The spectra in…
The partially THF-solvated dipotassium salt of the novel bis-chelating dianion [ButN(Se)P(μ-NBut)2P(Se)NBut ]2− forms an infinite network of twenty-membered K6Se6P4N4 rings involving two types of K···Se interactions.
The experimental evaluation of permeability parameters encounters different difficulties, depending on the features of the materials. Traditional steady‐state techniques for refractory castables and other highly dense ceramics demand arduous work and require reliable measurements at high pressure and for extremely low…
Preparation and shear and elongational rheology of cellulose solutions of different degrees of polymerization (DP) in N-methylmorpholine oxide monohydrate (lyocell) were investigated. The dissolution process takes place in two stages, depending on the content of low and high DP fractions from the dissolving pulp blend…
Elastometric materials are used as barriers to protect workers against exposure to chemicals. The effectiveness of a polymer as a chemical protective material therefore depends on the rate of the permeation of chemicals through it. The permeation rate depends on the solubility and the diffusion coefficient of chemical…
Ag/Al2O3 catalysts with various Ag contents were characterized by thermal gravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), NH3 and CO2 adsorption calorimetry, FT-IR spectroscopic method, and diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). It was found that hydroxy groups on alumina hav…
The sorption and desorption kinetics of water into polyetherimide (ULTEM 1000) were studied at various temperatures ranging from 20 to 100°C. The water equilibrium concentration increases slightly with temperature from 1.39% (by weight) at 20°C to 1.50% at 100°C. The solubility coefficient, S, calculated from these da…
The novel silver(I) triple salts AgCN·AgF·4AgCF3CO2·2L (L = MeCN or 2H2O) exhibit the same type of layer structure, in which [F@Ag6] units each representing a fluoride-centred octahedral silver cage are interconnected by μ4-κC,κC∶κN ,κN-cyanide and μ4-O,O∶O′,O ′-trifluoroacetato bridges.
The first generation molecule of glutamic acid-based dendrons on a 1, 3,5-benzenetricarbonyl core leads to a cylindrical assembly as demonstrated by single crystal x-ray diffraction. The benzene pi-pi stack (A) is stabilized by vertical NH...O===C hydrogen bonding with each subunit participating in three intermolecula…
A new structural refinement process for BaTiO 3 /SrTiO 3 (BTO/STO) artificial superlattices was proposed, taking into account the effect of interdiffusion between BTO and STO. The samples were prepared using the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method on SrTiO 3 (001) substrates at 600°C. The step model, the phonon model…
Studies on structural characterisation and anion binding properties of a series of core modified meso-aryl sapphyrins and rubyrins are described. It has been shown that the sapphyrins and rubyrins bind anions such as F−, N3− and CO32− in their protonated form. The binding constants evaluated for a particular sapphyrin…
Ion transport properties in ion-exchanged glasses are re-examined by a.c. impedance and infrared spectroscopies. In typical soda - lime-silica (float) glass it is shown that when Na+ ions are replaced by K+ ions, the region of highest resistivity resides in the surface, confirming the earlier result of Tomandl and Sch…
Examined in this study is the variation of crystallinity and crystal plane size of water_swelled cellulose Ⅰ treated by microwave. The results from FTIR show that there is no effect of microwaves on the chemical structure of cellulose, but its N_O′KI increases. Moreover, the results from WAXD indicate that cellulose Ⅰ…
An engineering model is proposed to evaluate the variation of corona charge and corona current as a function of applied voltage for coaxial geometry (q-v curves). The two main assumptions of the model are the following: for streamer discharges to propagate continuously, the background field must be at, or just above,…
Periodic first-principles density functional (DFT) calculations have been performed to give an understanding of the active site and mechanism for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by NH3 over V2O5 in the presence of gaseous oxygen. Two synergetic functional groups, i.e. dual vanadium sites, have been found…
Four new phytosphingosine-type ceramides, (2S,3S,4R)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxydocosanoylamino]-1,3,4-octadecane triol (1), (2S,3S,4R)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxytricosanoylamino]-1,3,4-octadecan etriol (2), (2S,3S,4R)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxypentacosanoylamino]-1,3,4-octadec anetriol (3) and (2S,3S,4R)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxyhexacosanoylami…
A multitude of metal-rich pnictides and chalcogenides of the valence-electron-poor transition elements M have been uncovered in recent years. Common structural features of all these compounds are extended metal atom substructures (of different kinds) and the occurrence of metal–pnicogen and metal–chalcogen bonds, resp…
Using two different kinds of many-body potentials as well as the Lennard-Jones potential for hexagonal close packed metals, we have found that c + a edge dislocations with dislocation lines along 1 00 can split onto the basal plane, forming a non-planar sessile structure. The `type I' undissociated dislocation core, o…
A modified sessile drop method, that is, a crucible method was developed to obtain a precise density value of molten silicon using a Si3N4 crucible. The density decreases linearly with increasing temperature in the range from 1689 to 1853 K. However, anomalous behavior of the density with temperature reported by anoth…