Materials Literature
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Abstract To assess the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)‐biodegrading capacity of soil, numbers of aerobic poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHB/V)‐degrading microorganisms (degraders) were estimated by the film‐MPN method. The numbers of PHB/V degraders were estimated to be 4.3 × 10 5 per gram of dry garden soil…
Polymeric blends composed of conducting polypyrrole chains dispersed in a matrix of polyvinylalcohol containing ferric chloride represent a class of materials whose electrical behavior is intermediary between those of insulating and conducting polymers. To investigate the transport and polarization characteristics of…
Chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond materials, grown from low pressure gases activated by plasmas, hot filaments, and combustion flames, were a novelty and scientific curiosity several decades ago. Now, CVD diamond is a maturing material with a wide variety of technological impacts, and with even more exciting appl…
The compensation effect for electrical conductivity is observed for minerals such as calcite, corundum, enstatite, ferrosilite, olivine, leucite, and periclase, which is referred to a linear correlation between the natural logarithm of preexponential factor and activation energy for the electrical conductivity in each…
The synthesis and morphology of nano-sized ZnO and unusual belt-like Zn particles prepared via thermolysis of the molecular single-source precursors [MeZnOSiMe 3 ] 4 (volatile) and [Zn(OSiMe 3 ) 2 ] n (non-volatile) are discussed. These zinc siloxides are simply accessible in high yield through Brønsted acid–base reac…
The laser-induced chemical reactions on the surface of a polymer film were investigated by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) using chemically deposited silver as the SERS activating layer on the surface of the film. The silver-catalyzed pyrolysis at the outermost surface of the polyacrylonitrile film under lase…
Abstract Samples of a polypropylene homopolymer have been degraded and analysed with regard to chemical composition, molecular weight distribution and chemical composition distribution. FTIR shows the progress of degradation and a decrease in molecular weight can be observed from SEC. CRYSTAF shows that the chemical h…
Abstract The accelerated aging of six formulations of polypropylene highly loaded with calcium carbonate and containing a surfactant additive (stearic acid) as well as an ultraviolet (UV) stabilizer was studied. Degradation was followed by measuring mechanical properties (elongation percentage and impact resistance),…
The pressure-temperature (p - T) phase diagrams for four smectogenic members of the 4′-alkyl-4-cyanobiphenyl homologous series (nCB, n = 9, 10, 11 and 12) over the temperature range 320–410 K and pressure range 0.1–300 MPa (3 kbar) were constructed using DTA. At 1 atm 9CB exhibits nematic and smectic Ad phases, while…
Three-dimensional models of the catalytic domains of Nudel (Ndl), Gastrulation Defective (Gd), Snake (Snk), and Easter (Ea), and their complexes with substrate suggest a possible organization of the enzyme cascade controlling the dorsoventral fate of the fruit fly embryo. The models predict that Gd activates Snk, whic…
Stability and mechanical properties of the tetragonal phase were investigated for NiO‐doped yttria‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y‐TZP) systems. Only 0.3 mol% of NiO in solid solution could be added to the Y‐TZP while maintaining the tetragonal phase. Fracture toughness improved remarkably on addition of…
Abstract An easy method for epoxidation of olefins using bleach (sodium hypochlorite) and either a stoichiometric or catalytic amount of bromide ion has been developed. Without any transition metal catalyst a variety of non‐activated olefins give epoxides in high yields and good selectivity at ambient conditions.
Effect of zinc and/or nickel addition on cobalt deposition was studied under simulated normal water chemistry condition of boiling water reactor. Type 316L stainless steel coupon was exposed to high temperature water including cobalt ion, together with zinc and/or nickel ions up to 1,000 h using experimental recircula…
Foaming of low density poly(ethylene-co-octene) resins by injection molding is the result of various reactions occurring during the process. This includes simultaneous decomposition of the chemical blowing agent and cross-linking of the polymer matrix during curing in the mold, followed by foaming after mold opening.…
The hot wire technique is considered to be an effective and accurate means of determining the thermal conductivity of ceramic materials. However, specifically for materials of high thermal diffusivity, the appropriate time interval to be considered in calculations is a decisive factor for getting accurate and consiste…
The microstructures close to the gauge surface were observed by optical and transmission electron (TEM) microscopy in ZK60 (Mg-5.7Zn-0.65Zr) and in AZ31S (Mg-2.8Al-0.9Zn) after torsion testing over 180–450 °C and 0.01 to 1.0 s−1. The flow curves rose rapidly to a peak stress which was lower as temperature T rose and s…
A family of CoFe Prussian blue analogues C x Co 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] (8+ x /3) □ (4– x )3 ( x = amount of alkali cation inserted per conventional cell, C = Na, K, Rb, Cs; □ = [Fe(CN) 6 ] vacancy) have been synthesized and characterized. Their photomagnetic properties have been investigated by magnetic measurements before and…
The thermal degradation of wool treated with the flame retardant synergistic system, potassium hexafluorotitanate and dicarboxylic acids, was studied by thermal analysis, mass loss, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and infrared spectroscopy. The wool treated with the flame-retardant reagents show decrease in the temper…
The crystals of a new molecular complex, i.e. p-nitroaniline with L-tartaric acid were obtained by slow evaporation of an aqueous solution at room temperature. Room temperature powder infrared measurements were carried out. Tentative assignment for most bands was done. Very strong and broad absorption in the region of…
Abstract The core–shell structured particles which comprise rubbery and glassy layers were prepared by emulsifier‐free emulsion polymerization of poly(n‐butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate)/poly(methyl methacrylate/n‐butyl acrylate) [P(BA/MMA)/P(MMA/BA)]. The core–shell structured particle toughened PVC blends were inv…