Materials Literature
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We have established an optimized growth temperature range, namely, 150 °C<TG<250 °C, where ferromagnetic Fe3Si/GaAs(001) hybrid structures with high crystalline and interfacial quality can be fabricated by molecular-beam epitaxy. The composition of the Fe3Si layers, which can be regarded as a Heusler all…
Abstract The glass‐transition temperatures ( T g 's) of nanocomposites of polystyrene (PS) and single‐walled carbon nanotubes were measured in the bulk and in thin films with differential scanning calorimetry and spectroscopic ellipsometry, respectively. The bulk T g of the nanocomposites increased by approximately 3…
The homogeneous composites of single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) and Stycast 1266 epoxy were made with the nanotube concentrations of 0.01–0.21 wt % by using a high frequency sonication method. Direct current conductivities of various mass fractions show typical percolation behavior and the percolation threshold pc is…
The field-induced actuation of Ni–Mn–Ga single crystals through twin-boundary motion has been demonstrated with magnetic fieldpulses of various intensities lasting 620 μs. It is shown that the complete field-induced strain can be obtained in 250 μs, which implies the possibility of full 6% cycling of Ni–Mn–Ga at 2 kHz…
Abstract A series of new poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)/layered silicate nanocomposites were prepared successfully by simple melt extrusion of PBS and organically modified layered silicates (OMLS). Three different types of OMLS were used for the preparation of nanocomposites: two functionalized ammonium salts modified…
The orientation dependence of the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient, d33*, is investigated as a function of temperature in BaTiO3 and PbTiO3 crystals using the Landau–Ginsburg–Devonshire theory. We show that a presence of the ferroelectric–ferroelectric phase transitions in BaTiO3 leads to enhanced d33* along non…
The properties X (stress, crystallinity, melting temperature, crystallite sizes) of stretched filled and unfilled natural rubber (NR) are compared. The measurements have been done during deformation at equilibrium and at room temperature. From each physical property X in static and dynamic experiments one defines for…
Constitutive rules are developed to include three-dimensional dislocation mechanisms, such as line tension and dynamic junction formation, within a two-dimensional dislocation dynamics formulation. Some of the junctions that form dynamically can operate as Frank–Read sources. Boundary value problems are solved by usin…
When two chemically passivated solids are brought into contact, interfacial interactions between the solids compete with intrabulk elastic forces. The relative importance of these interactions, which are length-scale dependent, will be estimated using scaling arguments. If elastic interactions dominate on all length s…
We present a theoretical study of the optical absorption spectrum of small boron-nitride and carbon nanotubes using time-dependent density-functional theory and the random phase approximation. Both for C and BN tubes, the absorption of light polarized perpendicular to the tube-axis is strongly suppressed due to local…
Magnetism of a misfit layered cobaltite [Ca$_2$Co$_{4/3}$Cu$_{2/3}$O$_4$]$_x^{\rm RS}$[CoO$_2$] ($x \sim$ 0.62, RS denotes a rocksalt-type block) was investigated by a positive muon spin rotation and relaxation ($μ^+$SR) experiment. A transition to an incommensurate ({\sf IC}) spin density wave ({\sf SDW}) state was f…
Amorphous SiO2 (a-SiO2), such as bulk silica glasses and thin films has been one of the key materials in modern optoelectronic industries. These materials are currently used in communication technologies as optical fibers, thin films for electrical insulation in dynamic random access memories (DRAM), and optical lense…
Phase transformation and crystal growth in nanoparticles may happen via mechanisms distinct from those in bulk materials. We combine experimental studies of as-synthesized and hydrothermally coarsened titania (TiO 2 ) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) with thermodynamic analysis, kinetic modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simu…
A new method of measuring long spin-lattice relaxation times ($T_1$) is proposed. Being a single scan technique, the method is at least one order of magnitude faster than the conventional technique. This method (Single-Scan or Slice Selected Inversion Recovery or SSIR) relies on the slice selection technique. The meth…
Diluted magnetic semiconductor Zn1−xMnxO nanowires were synthesized via an in situ doping of manganese in ZnO nanowires using vapor phase growth at 500 °C. The maximum content of the manganese in the ZnO is around 13 at. %, approaching the maximum thermal equilibrium limit of Mn solubility in ZnO at the growth tempera…
Ferroelectric BiFeO3 thin films have been prepared on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates in various oxygen pressures of 0.001–0.1 Torr at a temperature as low as 450 °C by pulsed-laser deposition. The crystallinity of the films was studied by x-ray diffraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the films have a sin…
Nanocomposites α-Fe/Fe3B/Y2O3 were prepared by a melt-spun technique, and the electromagnetic wave absorption properties were measured in the 0.05–20.05 GHz range. Compared with α-Fe/Y2O3 composites, the resonance frequency (fr) of α-Fe/Fe3B/Y2O3 shifted to a higher frequency range due to the large anisotropy field (H…
In this contribution, we report the successful preparation of supported metal catalysts using dendrimer-encapsulated Pt nanoparticles as metal precursors. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers were first used to template and stabilize Pt nanoparticles prepared in solution. These dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles were t…
We report the use of carbon nanotubes as a sensor for chemical nerve agents. Thin-film transistors constructed from random networks of single-walled carbon nanotubes were used to detect dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), a simulant for the nerve agent sarin. These sensors are reversible and capable of detecting DMMP a…
Abstract A coagulation method providing a better dispersion of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in a polymer matrix was used to produce SWNT/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composites. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed an improved dispersion of SWNTs in the PMMA matrix, a key factor in…