Materials Literature
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A theory of cooperative effects in ionic solids is presented, which points to the ionic carrier density as the main source of the anomalous behavior found in solid electrolytes. Depending on the parameter values, it predicts either an exponential increase of the conductivity with temperature, or a discontinuous change…
Changes in chemical oxidation states in alloys and at solid-solid interfaces were monitored by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. For an oxidized Nichrome surface, the chromium component was selectively converted to chromic oxide while nickel remained in the metallic state. When this surface was overlaid with a 2…
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It has already been shown that one source of the patched appearance in twisted nematic displays is reverse twist; we now demonstrate the existence of another. Both types of patches have been eliminated by the use of cholesteric additives in combination with particular types of surface alignment.
An extensive investigation of the mechanical properties of cast ASTM A216 steel WCB and WCC grades, as functions of composition, heat treatment and casting thickness is reported. Castings in section thicknesses ranging from 2 1/2 in. to 10 in. were produced from twenty-two commercial size heats by five different found…
When chlorine (real gas , 980 mmHg) combines with white (a) phosphorus to form phosphorus pentachloride at 24.89 C, 3986.32.7 J of heat are liberated per gram of stoichiometrically equivalent Mg,P,07. This value was determined by a dead-ended flow system in an electrically calibrated isoperibol calorimeter. Correction…
Abstract Values of the polymer-solvent interaction parameter were obtained for cis -1,4-poly(butadiene) vulcanized with alkylphenol—formaldehyde oligomer, sulfur, and peroxide systems swollen with heptane, benzene, and m -xylene. The dependence of the interaction parameter on the degree of crosslinking was demonstrate…
The amorphous alloys are quench-condensed from the vapour phase on a substrate at 4 K. The electrical resistivity of amorphous Ge + 41 at. % Au, Bi + 15 at. % Ag and Sn + x at. % Cu (x = 10 to 80) is measured. An unusual linear temperature dependence is found with negative dope for Ge, Bi and Sn alloys and with a posi…
Abstract The effect of changes in crystallinity on the β‐transition in poly(vinyl chloride) was studied by dynamic mechanical measurements of loss tangent (tan δ) and storage modulus ( E ′) over the temperature range −160° to 85°C. Four frequencies were covered, 3.5, 11, 35, and 110 Hz. The data presented demonstrate…
The self‐association of chymotrypsinogen A at pH 8.1 and at ionic strength of 0.021 has been examined by means of sedimentation equilibrium. The data have been analyzed by several methods and results compared. Application of the older methods available in the literature indicate that the concentration dependence of mo…
This work used a conventional thermomechanical analyzer (TMA) to measure the depth of indentation at room temperature of elastomers and Finkin's equation to calculate Young's moduli of elastomers, which have been measured by Drutowski, from the radius of contact of an indentor on thin sheets of sample. Data obtained f…
The mineral brazilianite, NaAI3(PO4)2(OH)4, is monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a = 11.233 (6), b = 10142 (5), c=7-097 (4) ,& and fl=97.37 (2) A~. With Z = 4 the calculated density, 2.998 (4), compares well with the measured density, 2.98 (1) gcm -3. The structure was solved by direct phasing and Fourier techniques…
The characteristics of an accelerating lens system composed of three anodes in the scanning electron microscope are described. The main advantages of this accelerating lens system are that the working distance can be changed freely or the accelerating voltage can be changed over a wide range (about 0.3–100 kV) without…
Abstract A study was conducted of the anionic polymerization of a series of methyl‐ and/or phenyl‐substituted five‐membered cyclocarbosiloxanes. The polymerization was initiated by lithium n ‐butyldiphenylsilanolate in the presence of tetrahydrofuran. The rate of conversion of monomer to polymer was measured in an NMR…
The dynamic properties of the molecular model proposed by Maier-Saupe (MS) for nematic liquid crystals are investigated. It is shown that the model predicts diffusive optic soft modes, describing nematic-order-parameter fluctuations which condense at the isotropicnematic stability limit. Since the MS Hamiltonian in it…
90° ferroelectric domain boundaries were observed by direct transmission electron microscopy in single crystals of pure BaTiO3 and (Ba,Pb)TiO3 solid solutions. Domain-wall thickness measurements were made from electron image plates by a densitometer-trace-curve-fitting technique. Boundary widths varied from 50 to 150…
Abstract BaThO3 had an orthorhombic lattice (a=6.345Å, b=6.376Å, c=8.992Å) with four pseudomonoclinic perovskite units(a′=c′=4.498Å, b′=4.496Å, β=90°17′). Ba2(BaU)O6 was a tetragonal, ordered perovskite(a=b=6.286Å, c=8.972Å). Ahrens′ radius of octahedral Ba2+ in Ba2(BaU)O6 was evaluated to be 1.16Å via a lattice param…
The absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra of a single crystal of [K(H2O)6][Al(Cr)(H2O)6](SO4)2, with an aluminium : chromium ratio of approximately 10 : 1, have been measured in the range 14 500–33 000 cm-1 at various temperatures between 5 and 300 K. An analysis of the temperature dependence of the…
Helium, deuterium, and neon permeability, diffusivity, and solubility have been measured for CGW-7740 glass. The results indicate that gas migration occurs primarily through the silica-rich phase. Reaction of deuterium with the glass structure is evident at temperatures exceeding 300°C. The activation energy associate…
An improved band structure of Pd calculated by the empirical pseudopotential method is used to compute the density of states and the reflectivity, R( omega ). The reflectivity of Pd with dipole matrix elements calculated by the actual wave functions is given for 0<or=h(cross) omega <or=10eV and is compared with measur…