Materials Literature
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Sizable single crystals of a nonlinear optical (NLO) material, Bi 2 ZnOB 2 O 6, were grown by the Kyropoulos method from stoichiometric ratio compound melt. It is a congruent melting compound and crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pba 2. The morphologies and habits of Bi 2 ZnOB 2 O 6 crystals grown u…
We apply neutron reflectivity to probe the internal structure of spin-assisted layer-by-layer (SA-LbL) films composed of electrostatically assembled polyelectrolytes. We find that the level of stratification and the degree of layer intermixing can be controlled by varying the type and concentration of salt during SA-L…
Configuration of domain walls in undoped and Fe+3-doped lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics at the morphotropic phase boundary has been investigated by the transmission electron microscopy. The distance between domain walls in undoped PZT is on the order of hundreds of nanometers and is drastically reduced to tens…
Novel hybrid organic/inorganic nanocomposites made of metal oxide and conjugated polymer nanocomposite and its application in bulk-heterojunction solar cells were studied. The composite was composed of different concentrations of strontium titanate (SrTiO 3 ) and polyaniline doped phosphoric acid. The optimum concentr…
Engineered polymer capsules are finding widespread importance in the delivery of encapsulated toxic or fragile drugs. The effectiveness of polymer capsules as therapeutic delivery vehicles is often dependent on the degradation behavior of the capsules because it is often necessary to release the encapsulated drugs at…
A miniaturized organic electronic ion pump (OEIP) based on conjugated polymers is developed for delivery of positively charged biomolecules. Characterization shows that applied voltage can precisely modulate the delivery rate of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. The capability of the device is demonstrated by convec…
We propose a modified spin-field-effect transistor fabricated in a two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formed at the surface of multiferroic oxides with a transverse helical magnetic order. The topology of the oxide local magnetic moments induces a resonant momentum-dependent effective spin-orbit interaction acting on…
Octahedral Co(2+) centers have been connected by mu(3)-OH and mu(2)-OH(2) units forming [Co(4)] clusters which are linked by pyrazine forming a two-dimensional network. The two-dimensional layers are bridged by oxybisbenzoate (OBA) ligands giving rise to a three-dimensional structure. The [Co(4)] clusters bond with th…
We present a density functional theory study of the energetics of isolated Au(n)+ (n = 5-10) and Au(n)- (n = 8-13) gold clusters. We compare our results to both theoretical and experimental values from the literature and find the use of meta-generalized gradient approximation (MGGA) functionals, in particular the M06-…
Magnetic nanoparticles of the 3d transition metal oxides have gained enormous interest for applications in various fields such as data storage devices, catalysis, drug-delivery, and biomedical imaging. One major requirement for these applications is a narrow size distribution of the particles. We have studied the nucl…
We have studied the electronic and magnetic properties of graphene and their modification due to the adsorption of water and other gas molecules. Water and gas molecules adsorbed on nanoscale graphene were found to play the role of defects which facilitate the tunability of the bandgap and allow us to control the magn…
We investigate the phase behaviour of a system of particles interacting through the exp-6 pair potential, a model interaction that is appropriate to describe effective interatomic forces under high compression. The soft-repulsive component of the potential is being varied so as to study the effect on reentrant melting…
Spin ice materials are magnetic substances in which the spin directions map onto hydrogen positions in water ice. Recently this analogy has been elevated to an electromagnetic equivalence, indicating that the spin ice state is a Coulomb phase, with magnetic monopole excitations analogous to ice's mobile ionic defects.…
Real-time ferroelectric polarization switching in magnetite epitaxial thin films is reported, proving that magnetite is not only historically the first material showing magnetism and correlated electron properties, but also that it is ferroelectric with a value of the ferroelectric polarization approaching that of wel…
ac impedance measurements of ion-conducting glasses provide considerable insight into the nature of the ionic motions in disordered solids. However, interpreting the ac impedance has been a matter of considerable debate, particularly in regards to how best to represent the relaxation process that is the result of a tr…
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were selectively concentrated from environmental water samples without disturbing their sizes and shapes by cloud point extraction (CPE) with Triton X-114 (TX-114). The highest extraction efficiency for AgNPs was obtained at about their zero point charge pH (pH PZC ), which was ∼3.0−3.5 fo…
The current status of the theories that are required for characterization of solid surfaces by equilibrium contact angles is reviewed. Some important aspects, which are not yet completely understood, are explained and listed as future challenges. The theoretical conclusions are integrated into a methodology and techni…
The new cation [Sb(7)S(8)Br(2)](3+) has a double-cubane structure and forms as the [AlCl(4)](-) salt from the ionic liquid EMIMBr-AlCl(3) (EMIM = 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium) at 165 degrees C. The compound is noncentrosymmetric with space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) and exhibits second-harmonic and difference-frequency nonlin…
We review recently published advancements in thin-film organic devices, ranging from the composition and properties of organic materials to be used in devices, to the applications of devices, with special emphasis on thin-film transistors, diodes, and chemical sensors. We present exemplary materials used in each kind…
Layered ternary carbides contain alternative stacking of structural slabs in the unit cells. Many mechanical and structural features are inherited with respect to their binary carbide counterparts, and some novel properties also appear because of new chemical bonds and atomic coordination at the boundaries of differen…