Materials Literature
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Abstract Different cellulose reactions are influenced by the various structural parameters of the cellulose (structure of pores and fibrils, crystallinity, hydrogen bonds) in different way. For that reason accessibility and reactivity of cellulose are no absolute but only relative parameters. The lines of the 13 C‐NMR…
Static tensile properties of as HIP’ed Ti-Fe alloys and heat treated Ti-Fe alloys after HIP were studied, and metallographic and fractographic observations were also carried out by means of the back scattered electron images and a scanning electron microscope.Despite the low level of oxygen content, the HIP’ed specime…
A high N.A. i-line lens and a field-by-field leveling system have been developed. Resolution of the lens is better than 0.65 μm. The leveling system has achieved ±0.3 uμ/field on an experimental basis.
The basic characteristics of cellulose triacetate (CTA) film dosimeter have been investigated with 5, 8, and 15 MeV proton beams. The optical density change per unit absorbed dose for 8 and 15 MeV protons is the same as that given for electron beams, but a little smaller for 5 MeV protons. The CTA dosimeter was found…
Polarised neutron-diffraction experiments on the Pccn polymorph of deuteriated cis-[FeIII-(bipy)2Cl2][FeIIICl4](bipy = 2,2′-bipyridyl) gave 402 unique magnetic structure factors collected with magnetic fields almost parallel to the c and b crystal directions. These data were analysed using a valence-orbital model invo…
The characteristic features of flash-butt welded and kindred joints and the defects which occur in them are reported. The mechanisms of their formation, the effects which they have on the quality of the welded joint and the possible methods for their avoidance are discussed.
X.p.s. binding energies and Auger-electron kinetic energies of some Ni-exchanged montmorillonites have been measured. The results are discussed in terms of the bonding states of the elements and their relation to the montmorillonite structure. It is shown that the preparation procedure influences the chemical and stru…
Using the χ 2 ‐test a statistical method is described, which allows a clear decision whether a given distribution of orientation relationships between adjacent grains is random or not. The validity of this method even for small numbers of orientation relationships, as obtained from electron microscopical measurements,…
Sm-Co-Cu-Fe-Zr phase diagram near compositions of magnet alloys, that is, Sm-Co-7.0 at%Cu-22.0 at%Fe-(0, 1.4, 2.0 and 3.0 at%)Zr sections of the phase diagram were determined in the Sm content range from 6 to 16 at% above 1073 K, and effects of Zr on the phase transformation and magnetic properties of the magnet alloy…
The structure of D1.65MoO3 has been refined in the space group C2/m. Half of the deuterium in D1.65MoO3 has been localized using powder neutron diffraction, the other half being dispersed on numerous sites throughout the structure. Insertion of deuterium in the MoO3 network produces only weak structural modifications.
A new measurement cell for very small quantities of liquid crystals is used for the determination of the complex permittivity of the cyanobenzylidene p' octyloxyaniline (CBOOA). The dielectric behaviour in the nematic and smectic-A phase is given as a function of an applied electric field (static and alternative) as w…
Results are presented for the influence of tensioning weight, number of wraps, wrap angle, cyclic stroke, and cyclic speed on the cycles to failure of two nylon and two polyester–fibre yarns, wet and dry, in a yarn-on-yarn abrasion test, which involves a reciprocating motion between two helically wrapped yarn sections…
Rolling contact fatigue life of continuous-cast ball-bearing steel was 1.5 to 2 times as long as that of conventional ingot-cast one. Continuous-cast ball-bearing steel, when made by a double ladle furnace process with lower contents of oxygen, lower residuals (sulfur, phosphorus, and titanium), and lower number of fi…
Homogeneous precursor powders for obtaining cordierite composites with uniformly dispersed mullite particles were prepared by partial hydrolysis of alkoxides. The precursor powders crystallized into mullite and MgAl2O4 at 900°C. Cordierite crystal was formed above 1200°C, which was formed through the solid-solid react…
Abstract A simple technique for the preparation of anions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is described. 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra of dianions of pyrene and derivatives of pyrene are reported and discussed. The electron density is greatest at the carbon atoms in the perimeter of the dianions. The presence of an elec…
Phase equilibrium calculations for solutions or mixtures of synthetic polymers become considerably more difficult when there is polydispersity of the polymers. To simplify the calculations, polydispersity is often neglected in the calculations or accounted for in a summary way only, and often only relatively simple fr…
The influence of grain boundary sliding on the mechanical behaviour of materials subject to creep at elevated temperatures has been investigated by a number of model analyses. Some models have focussed on the interaction of linearly viscous behaviour in the grain boundaries and power-law creep of the grains. It is fou…
The hardness of adamite roll materials for hot work rolls depends on their microstructures; the amount and hardness of coarse carbides and the hardness of matrix. The high-hardened adamite roll materials are excellent in wear resistance when the amount of coarse carbides is about 8%, but the wear resistance deteriorat…
In liquid or gaseous media, certain additives, called inhibitors, can occupy, via a strong binding energy to the base metal, atom sites on the metal surfaces, thus preventing a metal-hydrogen bond and thereby inhibiting the entry of hydrogen into the base metal. For both metallic and nonmetallic solid films, hydrogen…
A semiempirical formula which describes energy-space distributions of streamed neutrons and γ-rays in cylindrical ducts, is derived. In the proposed formula, the spatial distribution of radiation fluxes is approximated by three multiscattered components for neutrons, namely direct, doubly scattered, and eight-time sca…