Materials Literature
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The thermal conductivity, over the entire temperature range, of insulators and semiconductors is discussed, starting with the concept of a phonon and a description of the various phonon scattering mechanisms. Graphs of experimental data are used to illustrate the effects of these scattering mechanisms on the conductiv…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The ceramic insert concept far an uncooled, DI diesel engine was evaluated. Small improvements in fuel consumption were projected for this engine relative to a ceramic coated engine. A PSZ cylinder head plate, lip insert in the piston and above-the-rings cylinder liner operated su…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGouterman's "four-orbital" model and the MCD spectra of high-symmetry metalloporphyrinsA. Ceulemans, W. Oldenhof, C. Gorller-Walrand, and L. G. VanquickenborneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 6, 1155–1163Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Publis…
The transformability of the grains in tetragonal zirconia polycrystals is determined by thermal stresses (eigenstresses) which develop because of anisotropic expansion behavior of the tetragonal grains on cooling. Anisotropic thermal expansion coefficients based on lattice parameter determinations at room temperature…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInduction of the cholesteric mesophase in nematic liquid crystals: correlation between the conformation of open-chain chiral 1,1'-binaphthyls and their twisting powdersGiovanni Gottarelli, Gian Piero Spada, Richard Bartsch, Guy Solladie, and Richard ZimmermannCite this: J. O…
The luminescence efficiency of the YAG:Tb phosphor has been improved by the application of BaF 2 flux to the firing process. Luminescence efficiency is largely determined by the single‐phase crystallinity of cubic YAG:Tb. This phosphor, when used in a projection CRT, shows good stability in the temperature and current…
We have used spectroscopic ellipsometry to determine the dielectric functions of thin films of γ-globulin, bovine serum albumin, and hemoglobin in the visible and near-uv photon energy range. We show that both thickness and dielectric function can be resolved for monomolecular films adsorbed on substrates with relativ…
Conditions necessary to achieve deuterium-tritium fuel self-sufficiency in fusion reactors are derived through extensive modeling and calculations of the required and achievable tritium breeding ratios as functions of the many reactor parameters and candidate design concepts. It is found that the excess margin in the…
Patterns useful for identification are obtained by automated diffractometer methods. The lattice constants from the experimental work are refined by least-squares methods; reflections are assigned hkℓ indices consistent with space group extinctions. Relative intensities, calculated densities, literature references, an…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInteractions of sterically stabilized particles suspended in a polymer solutionAlice P. Gast and Ludwik LeiblerCite this: Macromolecules 1986, 19, 3, 686–691Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986http…
Three pigment-protein complexes were isolated from the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bohlin) by treatment of thylakoid membrane fragments with 1% Triton X-100 at 4 degrees C followed by centrifugation on sucrose density gradients. The major complex contains chlorophyll a, c(1), c(2), and the carotenoid fuco…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAluminum alkoxide chemistry revisited: synthesis, structures, and characterization of several aluminum alkoxide and siloxide complexesJeffrey H. Wengrovius, Mary F. Garbauskas, Elizabeth A. Williams, Rose C. Goint, Paul E. Donahue, and Joanne F. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem.…
The thermal properties of high-density amorphous ice, which is made by ‘‘melting’’ ice I at 77 K by applying a pressure of ∼10 kbar, have been measured in an automated Tian–Calvet calorimeter. The samples were heated from 78 to 270 K at a rate of 10 K h−1 and heat amounting to 544, 1425, and 35.5 J mol−1 was evolved i…
The average grain size of ZrO 2 (+Y, o,) materials sintered at 1400°C was observed to depend significantly on the Y 2 O 3 content. The average grain size decreased by a factor of 4 to 5 for Y 2 O 3 contents between 0.8 and 1.4 mol% and increased at Y 2 O 3 contents of 6.6 mol%. Grain growth control by a second phase i…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal and molecular structure of the silver(II) and zinc(II) derivatives of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin. An exploration of crystal-packing effects on bond distanceW. Robert Scheidt, Jalal U. Mondal, C. W. Eigenbrot, Alan Adler, L. J. Radonovich, and J. L. HoardCite this: Ino…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdsorption of various anions by magnesium aluminum oxide of (Mg0.7Al0.3O1.15)Tsugio Sato, Takayoshi Wakabayashi, and Masahiko ShimadaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1986, 25, 1, 89–92Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2…
We show that space-charge injection from a needle into a dielectric can be determined with a resolution of 10−15 °C, by using guarded needle electrodes and a charge compensating bridge circuit. The technique is applied to epoxy resin samples. A well-defined homogeneous space-charge cloud formation is observed in quant…
Due to the recent availability of an experimental value for the second- and third-order electric polarizabilities of the HF molecule, possible errors in the previous prediction of these quantities have been considered. These include basis sets, vibrational corrections, frequency dependence, infinite-order correlation…
Both tetragonal ( t ) and monoclinic ( m ) ZrO 2 particles in ZrO 2 ‐toughened Al 2 O 3 can give rise to toughening. In the stress field of propagating cracks, the t ‐ZrO 2 particles can undergo the stress‐induced t → m transformation, and the residual stresses around already‐transformed m ‐ZrO 2 particles can cause m…
The local structural environments of Y 3+ and Zr 4+ in 18 wt% Y 2 O 3 ‐stabilized zirconia were studied using extended X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy over the temperature range –120° to 770°C. The measured cation‐oxygen distances reflect those of the parent oxides, with the mean Zr‐O distance 0.017 nm sh…