Materials Literature
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Abstract A series of new materials, organic/inorganic polymer hybrids, are described, which are blends of molecular level dispersion between an organic polymer and a metal oxide such as silica. The new materials are transparent glassy solids, which are prepared by the sol‐gel reaction of a metal alkoxide in the presen…
Abstract Porous silicon layers are chemically grafted with trimethylsiloxy groups by exposure to hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) vapors. After treatment, infrared spectroscopy reveals that part of the initially hydrogenated surface is actually modified. Luminescence of the porous layers appears to be little affected by th…
This paper investigates the problem of depositing the maximum possible charge on a sheet of porous material, such as cloth, using a corona discharge. In the experiments, 50 to 75 μm-thick samples of nylon parachute fabric of varying porosity were charged over a ground plane using corona ions generated by a pin array e…
Superconductivity in k ‐phase organic charge transfer salts and its relation to structural differences caused by the solvent present is analyzed on the basis of seven new superconductors in the BEDT–TTF system. The superconducting salts have T c S between 2.6 and 11.1 K. The electrocrystallization of the new materials…
Recently, a general technique for the measurement for the threading dislocation densities in epitaxic semiconductors by high-resolution X-ray diffraction was reported [Ayers (1994). J. Cryst. Growth, 135, 71–77]. Here, this method has been extended to the case of a Barrels five-crystal diffactometer by making use of k…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactive Groups on Polymer-Covered Electrodes. 2. Functionalized Thiophene Polymers by Electrochemical Polymerization and Their Application as Polymeric ReagentsH.-P. Welzel, G. Kossmehl, J. Schneider, and W. PliethCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 16, 5575–5580Publication…
Silicon carbide has good oxidation resistance, due to the formation of a protective silica layer. Although amorphous silica is an excellent oxygen barrier, it is very sensitive to impurity elements, which affect its viscosity, oxygen diffusivity, and crystallization kinetics. This paper compares the oxidation rates of…
Two hydrophilic and two hydrophobic fumed silicas of different characteristics were added to solvent-based polyurethane adhesives (PU). IR spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and rheology (viscosity measurements, determination of viscoelastic properties) were used to monitor the variation of properties of PU adhe…
Abstract From a synthetic perspective, divergent dendrimer syntheses are often presented as idealized hyperbranched growth processes leading to perfect dendritic structures. Experimentally it has been found that in addition to ideal structures, varying amounts of structural errors are produced at each growth stage (ge…
Profiles of the back-scattered electron intensity within electron channelling contrast images of dislocations have been calculated using a two-beam dynamical diffraction model and a simple treatment of multiple scattering. Within this diffraction model, the full displacement field was used, for a dislocation in an iso…
Abstract Protein adsorption is the net result of various types of interaction between the different components present in the system, i.e. the sorbent surface, the protein(s), the solvent and any other solutes such as low molecular weight electrolyte. In this paper methods and techniques will be discussed to study the…
The growth and osmoregulation of Chaetoceros muelleri Lemmermann (Bacillariophyceae) were investigated as a function of salinity. This centric diatom grew well over a wide range of salinity and required concentrations of NaCl above 10 mM for growth. Using gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis of cell…
Abstract Naturally occurring materials like rubber predate the development of science and engineering as we know it today. Historically, rubber and more generally elastomers, known as a class of high polymers, are versatile and useful materials. Rubber is still an elastomer of choice for many engineering applications.…
The paper analyses the mechanism of breakdown of phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase air insulation in the presence of large conducting floating objects, under critical switching impulse stress. A new physical modelling approach is introduced which involves determination of the potential of the floating object by charg…
We outline a practical algorithm for the solution of liquid-state integral equations for fluids of fully anisotropic rigid molecules requiring three Euler angles for their configurational description and leading to pair functions of five angular variables. The method is suitable for all potentials. We illustrate the t…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAromatic Polyamides and Polyimides with Benzoxazole or Benzothiazole Pendent Groups Prepared from 5-(2-Benzoxazole)- or 5-(2-Benzothiazole)-1,3-phenylenediamineJohn A. MikroyannidisCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 15, 5177–5183Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publicat…
The results of the mode coupling theory (MCT) for the slow relaxation processes in a liquid of hard spheres close to the liquid to glass transition are discussed. It is also shown that the MCT makes quantitative statements about the glassy structure, the relaxation processes in an intermediate time window and the fina…
The ligand 4-Cl-2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2′-yl)-pyridine(Cl-bzimpy;H2L) acts as a bidentate when coordinated with transition metal ions and the complex [Fe(Cl-bzimpy)2](ClO4)2 was isolated as a solid. The protonation constants (logK). The free ligand and the complex were evaluated in 30:70 (v/v) H2O:EtOH at room temperatu…
We present a theoretical investigation of the band lineups between crystalline and amorphous silicon, based on the first-principles pseudopotential method and the model-solid theory. We find that the offsets are very sensitive to the hydrogen content of the material; the valence-band offset for a junction with unhydro…
Biological structures have evolved to fit their purpose and a discussion is given of the materials and engineering reasons for their success. The contrast is made between traditional engineering's extraction of maximum benefit from choice of materials and Nature's extraction of maximum benefit from structural shapes m…