Materials Literature
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A synthesis procedure for preparing palm oil fatty acid additives (POFA's) is described. The performance of these acids in carbon black (CB) filled natural rubber (NR) compounds was examined. The incorporation of POFA's is found to improve mechanical properties of CB filled NR compounds, especially below a concentrati…
A solid-state microactuator was studied using volume change due to redox reaction of poly(pyrrole) film. Pyrrole was electropolymerized on a comb-shaped microelectrode array, and the poly(pyrrole) film was covered by a solid polymer electrolyte, polyethylene glycol. The volume change of the poly(pyrrole) film by elect…
We have employed a phase modulation method using a photoelastic modulator to determine the uniformity and quality of the alignment layer of liquid crystals (LCs). It is demonstrated that a two-dimensional map of the phase retardation, associated with irregular rubbing and/or chemical contaminants, provides invaluable…
Stress concentration in ceramic‐matrix composites due to fiber‐matrix fusion is investigated using finite‐element modeling (FEM) in conjunction with experiment. FEM results indicate substantial stress concentration can be expected when the fiber and matrix are locally fused. The focus of the investigation is sealing t…
The irreversible behaviour of the pinning-induced magnetostriction of a cylindrical superconductor placed in a parallel magnetic field, , is analysed. An exact solution of the magneto-elastic problem is found and we present formulas for the deformation, , and the stress distributions, and , valid for any critical-stat…
The crystal structure of a new cubic cristobalite-related sodium aluminosilicate Na 1.45 Al 1.45 Si 0.55 O 4 [ P 2 1 3, a = 14.553 (1) Å] has been modelled using a modulation wave approach and the model tested against X-ray powder diffraction data using the Rietveld method. Owing to there being 64 independent position…
The new compounds K2Au2Ge2S6 (1), K2Au2Sn2Se6 (2), and Cs2Au2SnS4 (3) have been synthesized through direct reaction of the elements with a molten polyalkalithiogermanate(stannate) flux at 650, 550, and 400 °C, respectively. Their crystal structures have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. 1…
A method for the calculation of the transmitted and reflected scalar fields at arbitrary dielectric surfaces is presented. The method is based on an evaluation of the Born series expansion and is of high accuracy as multiple reflections and refractions are taken into account. We show by comparison with Fresnel formula…
Ferroelectric liquid-crystal spatial light modulators (FLC SLM's) are binary modulating devices that can be used for flexible beam steering in the microsecond range. Because they are binary, at least 60% of the light power is lost to unwanted diffraction orders, however. We suggest the use of a second FLC SLM, synchro…
Green and partially sintered compacts of alpha‐Al 2 O 3 powder were made by filtration of aqueous suspensions under three conditions: ( i ) electrostatic stabilization without any organic additive, ( ii ) strong flocculation near the isoelectric point without any organic additive, and ( iii ) weak flocculation by the…
The early motion and interaction of platelets on a microdomain-structured block copolymer surface composed of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-styrene were analyzed and compared with those on a compositionally identical random copolymer, homopolymer poly (HEMA) (hydrophilic) and polystyrene (hydrophobic) surfaces. C…
Hydrotalcite-like anionic clays of general formula [M(II)1–xM(III)x(OH)2]x+[CO32–x/2]x– · m H2O with M(III) = Al and M(II) = Mg, Ni, Zn have been prepared by precipitation of the hydroxycarbonates from the “homogeneous” solution after the thermally induced hydrolysis of urea. The effect of the temperature of precipita…
All articles of this category lithiation - bis(thiazole-2(3 H )-selone) - aza-TTF precursors - DTDAF
Mixed-substituted polyphosphazenes containing carboxylic acid and alkyl ether side groups were synthesized and characterized. Physicochemical properties of phosphazene polyacids in aqueous solutions were investigated as a function of copolymer structure and composition. The immunoadjuvant activity of polyphosphazenes…
Abstract We applied the hard and soft acid-base (HSAB) model (Xu and Harsh 1990a, 1990b) to bivalent cation exchange on a purified Ca-montmorillonite. As a result, a satisfactory model is proposed to describe the gradual selectivity of exchange with Ca for 4 of the 6 metals studied (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn). The selectivity is…
The inhibiting effect of cationic surfactant N, N, N‐dimethyl 4‐methylbenzyl dodecyl ammonium chloride on mild steel in hydrochloric acid solutions was investigated by surface and thermodynamic measurements, weight loss tests, polarization measurements and EDS techniques. The data obtained from surface and thermodynam…
X-ray photoemission measurements of Cu(OH)2 are presented.
A method to determine the surface azimuthal anchoring energy of a nematic liquid crystal is proposed. The technique implies the measurement of the director deviation on the cell substrate as a function of strength and direction of the applied magnetic field. As an example, the dependence of the azimuthal anchoring coe…
Abstract The equilibrium structures of cubic, tetragonal and orthorhombic phases of magnesium silicate perovskite are found from first principles electronic structure calculations. Zone centre and zone boundary phonons of each phase are also calculated from ab initio forces from finite displacments, and phase transiti…
The Nakamura‐Avrami method has been revised to derive reliable solutions for describing the kinetics of crystallization on heating with variable temperature. The corresponding numerical solutions for first‐order phase‐boundary‐controlled growth were computed to evaluate the errors that should be expected when using si…