Peg Formation by Short‐Circuit Diffusion in Al2 O 3 Scales Containing Oxide Dispersions
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Growth of Large Single Crystals of Black Phosphorus at High Pressures and Temperatures, and its Electrical Properties
The crystal growth of black phosphorus(B.P.) and its electrical properties have been studied at high pressures and high temperatures. A wedge type cubic anvil high pressure apparatus was used in the present experiments. From the measurement of the electrical resistance the melting points of B.P. have determined at hig…
A Physico-Chemical Study of the Supercontraction of Spider Major Ampullate Silk Fibers
Methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol do not radially swell or produce supercontrac tion (SC) of spider major ampullate silk fibers. Their aqueous solutions do so at rates associated with water concentrations, but produce no levels of SC ratios other than those expected of water Itself. Saturated aqueous solutions of NaS…
Fluorescence quenching by cross relaxation in LaF3:Pr3+
We have investigated the process of quenching of fluorescence from the $^{3}P_{0}$ excited state of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ in La${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$ due to cross relaxation among the Pr ions. The fluorescence decay of the ensemble of Pr ions after pulsed excitation is measured as a function of temperature for Pr concentra…
Microscopic fluorescent imaging of surface temperature profiles with 0.01 °C resolution
We have exploited the temperature-dependent fluorescence quantum efficiency in europium thenoyltrifluoroacetonate (EuTTA) to make high-resolution, noncontact temperature measurements on the surface of an integrated circuit chip. The EuTTA is spun onto the chip in a polymer film. The chip is illuminated with long-wave…
Electrical Conductivity in Lanthanum‐Doped Strontium Titanate
The electrical conductivity of polycrystalline doped with 0.1–2 atom percent lanthanum was determined for the oxygen partial pressure range of 10 0 –10 −22 atm and temperature range of 850°–1050°C. Two types of charge compensation were observed, electronic and ionic. In the overstoichiometric or ionic compensation ran…
Anomalies of Liquid Water
Abstract Water at low temperatures ( T < 300 K) reveals a multitude of unusual physico‐chemical properties, which originate from the strong directivity of the hydrogen bonds. This directivity forces the molecules into a tetrahedral arrangement of first neighbors and thus leads to a poor packing efficiency. All anom…
On the nature of the dynamic contact angle: an experimental study
The dynamic contact angle formed when silicone oil displaces air from the surface of glass has been measured. Even though the glass was neither treated in any special way nor cleaned by an elaborate technique, the standard deviation associated with our measurements was approximately 1·5°. A sequence of experiments rev…
Relationships between stress, strain, and molecular constitution of polymer networks. Comparison of theory with experiments
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelationships between stress, strain, and molecular constitution of polymer networks. Comparison of theory with experimentsBurak Erman and Paul J. FloryCite this: Macromolecules 1982, 15, 3, 806–811Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May…
Crystal structures, magnetic anisotropy properties and orbital interactions in catena-(.mu.-nitrito)-bis(ethylenediamine)nickel(II) perchlorate and triiodide
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal structures, magnetic anisotropy properties and orbital interactions in catena-(.mu.-nitrito)-bis(ethylenediamine)nickel(II) perchlorate and triiodideAnne Meyer, Alain Gleizes, Jean Jacques Girerd, Michel Verdaguer, and Olivier KahnCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 5,…
Effects of annealing and prior history on enthalpy relaxation in glassy polymers. 1. Experimental study on poly(vinyl chloride)
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of annealing and prior history on enthalpy relaxation in glassy polymers. 1. Experimental study on poly(vinyl chloride)Alan R. Berens and I. M. HodgeCite this: Macromolecules 1982, 15, 3, 756–761Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online…
Polymer Films on Electrodes: VII . Electrochemical Behavior at Polypyrrole‐Coated Platinum and Tantalum Electrodes
Polypyrrole films were deposited on platinum and tantalum and used as electrodes. The results indicate that these films are porous to solvent and electrolyte ions, and this porosity is responsible for the apparent reversible electrochemical behavior previously observed with many redox couples at polypyrrole on Pt. The…
An Extracellular Poly(3‐Hydroxybutyrate) Depolymerase from Alcaligenes faecalis
A strain of Alcaligenes faecalis T1, which was isolated from activated sludge, excreted an extracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase as it grew in a medium containing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) as the sole carbon source. The molecular weight of the enzyme, purified from the culture medium to electrophoretic homo…
Resin development for electron microscopy and an analysis of embedding at low temperature*
SUMMARY We have tested a wide range of acrylate and methacrylate resin formulations and have concluded that embedding resins can be developed which are usable within a broad range of environmental conditions. To demonstrate this versatility, we have designed two highly‐cross‐linked resins, one polar and the other nonp…
High efficieincy direct conversion of heat to electrical energy-related pyroelectric measurements
An estimate of the intrinsic thermodynamic efficiency of heat to electrical energy conversion of a specific ferroelectric material, Pb0.99Nb0.02(Zr0.68,Sn0.25Ti0.07)0.98O3, is made. Measurements of pyroelectric effect, electrocaloric effect and polarization versus electric field are combined to yield an efficiency est…
On the molecular mechanism of the crystal transformation (tetragonal-hexagonal) in polybutene-1
The phase transformation from the tetragonal to the hexagonal crystal modification in highly oriented lamellae of poly-butene-1 has been followed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is found that the reaction-controlling step is the nucleation process. No lattice orientation relationship (besides the [001]-d…
Crystallisation moves
A crystallisation of a closed PL-manifold is an edgecoloured graph, which represents it via a contracted triangulation. Any two crystallisations of the same manifold are proved to be joined by a finite sequence of moves, two alternative sets of which are defined. A further move for dimension 3 is introduced.
Effects of Sulfur Compounds on the Pitting Behavior of Type 304 Stainless Steel in Near-Neutral Chloride Solutions
Pitting potentials have been measured potentiodynamically for Type 304 stainless steel in neutral or mildly acidic solutions containing 0.25M NaCl and various concentrations of sulfur species from 0 to 2 molar. Additions of 0.01 to 0.02M Na2S2O3 lowered the pitting potential by more than 300 mV, while additions of mor…
High-pressure x-ray study ofCu2O andAg2O
Pressure-induced phase transitions have been found in ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$O and ${\mathrm{Ag}}_{2}$O by high-pressure x-ray diffraction technique at room temperature. ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$O transforms from the cuprite to a hexagonal structure at a pressure of 10 GPa. This hexagonal form changes in the pressure range from…
X-ray study of phase transitions in efrroelectric Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3
The temperature dependence of the lattice constant in Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 single crystal was studied by means of X-ray diffraction. Two structural phase transitions were found in the temperature range 293-920 K: the cubic-to-tetragonal at 793 ± 5 K and the tetragonal-to-rhombohedral at 533 ± 5 K. The dielectric permittivit…