Materials Literature
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Thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques were used to study changes in the composition, relative heat of fusion, and mean crystal size of blends made from low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and sugar cane bagasse (SCB), before and after exposure to the fungus Phanero…
Homopolymers and copolymers of acrylamide (AA) and acrylic acid (AAc) were synthesized by the free radical solution polymerization technique. Feed ratios of the monomers were 85 : 15 (w/w), 65 : 35 (w/w), and 50 : 50 (w/w) of acrylamide and acrylic acid, respectively, for synthesis of copolymers. All reactions were ca…
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) surface was modified by the graft polymerization of sodium vinylsulfonate, and the chemical composition of the graft-polymerized PTFE surface was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Peroxides were formed on the PTFE surface by a combination procedure of argon plasma irradiati…
Film formation of three different latices was studied using atomic force microscopy. The latices were made from a mixture of butyl acrylate, styrene, and acrylic acid using either a polymerizable or an unreactive anionic surfactant as an emulsifier. Sodium 11-crotonoyloxyundecan-1-ylsulfate and sodium 3-(sulfopropyl)t…
An apparatus for measuring the pressure—volume—temperature (PVT) properties of polymers using a metal bellows has been developed at temperatures from 313 to 623 K and pressures up to 200 MPa. A calibration of the device was performed by measuring PVT of mercury and water. The experimental uncertainty of specific volum…
We study lead nanodroplets containing 147 to 1415 atoms at temperatures ranging from the bulk melting point up to the beginning of the evaporation regime. Molecular dynamics simulation and an embedded atom potential are used. The structures, total energies, and mobility of atoms in the clusters are analyzed. We found…
As electronic devices and integrated circuits get smaller and smaller, eventually quantum-mechanic effects take over. As Saito discusses in his Perspective, results reported by Collins et al. in the same issue demonstrate the use of carbon nanotubes to create nanometer-scale devices known as diodes. Rather than fighti…
A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) was used to explore the local electrical characteristics of single-wall carbon nanotubes. As the STM tip was moved along the length of the nanotubes, well-defined positions were found where the transport current changes abruptly from a graphitic-like response to one that is highly…
We present two approaches for the sol-gel synthesis of transparent solids in which CdS nanoparticles are homogeneously dispersed. In any case CdS nanocrystals are obtained by precipitation either in reverse micelles or in the presence of a complexing thiol. The grafting of the 4- fluorothiophenol at the surface of the…
Not 15, but 16 sulfur atoms are found in [NH4]3[Ir(S4)(S6)2], which was first reported as “[NH4]3[IrS15]” in 1904. This was determined by comparing the results of the crystal structure analysis (structure shown on the right) with the optical goniometric data reported in the original work. [NH4]3[Ir(S4)(S6)2] spontaneo…
Surface plasma resonance (SPR) of metal nanoparticles embedded in dielectric media was briefly reviewed on the basis of electromagnetic theory, where how SPR can enhance the oscillating field of light was illustrated. It was stressed that any photoexcitation processes can be enhanced by SPR as long as they occur at SP…
Depending on the donor strength of the base, tri-, di-, or mononuclear complexes are formed on reaction of the tetranuclear complex [{Me3Pt(O3SCF3)}4] (structure depicted on the right) with Lewis bases. These complexes of different nuclearity offer a rich synthetic potential because of their precisely tunable properti…
Single layer quarterwave antireflective (AR) coatings are widely used on many of the transmissive optics in high power fusion lasers. With these coatings maximum efficiency is only obtained at one wavelength. In those applications involving harmonic converter crystals, however, broader band performance would be advant…
Mixed atomistic and continuum methods offer the possibility of carrying out simulations of material properties at both larger length scales and longer times than direct atomistic calculations. The quasi-continuum method links atomistic and continuum models through the device of the finite element method which permits…
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is one of the most widely used technique for measuring crystallinity in the polymer industry. The major source of error in the crystalline index (CIDSC) of low crystallinity polymeric articles, is the development of further crystallinity during the DSC scan. Although, this type…
Abstract Based on a multiple reflection model, the concentration depth profiles of gold diffused into a silver substrate are determined. To conclude the structure of the sample from the measured intensity of radiation, an accurate correction procedure is necessary. A new model was developed for this purpose. Since the…
A theoretical interpretation of the fine structure of the secondary-electron emission spectra and the secondary-electron emission coefficient is given for molybdenum. The calculations are carried out with allowance for the energy dependence of the energy-band broadening, the electron-electron and electron-plasmon cont…
Cette etude porte sur l'effet des hautes pressions sur la corrosion saline sous contraintes a haute temperature du titane (IMI834), sous chargement statique (580MPa) et en fatigue (0.1-580MPa). Des pressions de 1 bar et 16 bar ont ete etudiees, avec une densite saline de 0.032 mgcm -2 . L'influence de paliers a charge…
We present an inelastic neutron scattering study of the relationship between lattice dynamics and the phase transition sequence for the proper ferroelectric Sn2P2Se6, which demonstrates a type II incommensurate phase. The dynamics in the phase transition sequence paraelectric-incommensurate-ferroelectric shows the fol…
A new technique for transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation of grown-in defects has been developed. The grown-in defects beneath the surface, at the “origin of crystal originated particles (COPs)”, are detected using a laser particle counter combined with an atomic force microscope (AFM). Subsequently, the…