Hemolytic Activity of Some Nonionic Surface-active Agents
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The Calculation of Magnetic Lens Fields by Relaxation Methods
The field and lens constants are calculated for two typical magnetic lenses as used in electron microscopes, using the relaxation method developed by Southwell for the solution of potential problems The results are compared with those based on simple analytic approximations to the field distribution in the work of Gla…
Formation of a Sulfate Glass
The highly symmetrical SO 4 2 ‐ group is not easily distorted and consequently does not lend itself readily to glass formation, Vitreous sulfates of cations of the noble‐gas type are unknown. However, by combining a large cation with a weak positive force field (K + ) with the strong field of the proton (H + ), it bec…
Emulsion Polymerization with Ultrasonic Vibration
Emulsion-type polymerization reactions have been accelerated by irradiation with ultrasonic energy. A magnetostriction oscillator at 15 kc gave essentially the same results as a piezoelectric oscillator at 500 kc. The rate of formation of polystyrene was doubled and higher final yields obtained using about 0.03 watt o…
Über Dichte und Gitterbau der Verbindungen Mg2Pb, Mg2Sn und Mg2Ge
Abstract Dichtemessungen und Röntgenuntersuchungen an Mg 2 Pb und Mg 2 Sn ergeben eine Anomalie in der Art, daß der röntgenographisch berechnete Wert der Dichte kleiner als der pyknometrisch gemessene ist. Mg 2 Ge zeigt diese Anomalie nicht mehr. Die Zusammensetzung der Verbindungen ist exakt formelgemäß. Bei Mg 2 Pb…
Equation of State for High Polymers
In a former paper the authors suggested the following equation of state, (P+π)(V−ω)=RT, where π is the internal pressure (or cohesive energy density) and ω is the volume at absolute zero. It was found that this equation was in good agreement with data on the thermal expansivity and isothermal compressibility of polyst…
Use of a Glass Edge in Thin Sectioning for Electron Microscopy.
The use of a steel microtome knife in cutting sections for electron microscopy has certain disadvantages, especially in the achievement and maintenance of a sufficiently sharp edge, which involve a considerable expenditure of time. The search for a knife material having homogeneity and hardness without excessive britt…
The Vapor Pressure of Inorganic Substances. II. B2O31
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Vapor Pressure of Inorganic Substances. II. B2O31Rudolph Speiser, Sam Naiditch, and Herrick L. JohnstonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 6, 2578–2580Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1950https…
Polymorphism of Calcium Orthosilicate
Therecentobservation of orthorhombic α'‐Ca 2 Si0 4 (bredigite) at all temperatures between about 850° and 1450°C. leads to a rational interpretation of the polymorphism of this substance, which is very satisfactory from the crystal‐chemical point of view. The so‐called β phase, of as yet unknown, complex structure, ex…
The Penetration of Cellulose Fibers.
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTThe Penetration of Cellulose Fibers.Alfred J. Stamm and Harold. TarkowCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1950, 54, 6, 745–753Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/j150480a001RIGHTS & PERMISS…
The Gelation of Sodium Silicate. Effect of Sulfuric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, Ammonium Sulfate, and Sodium Aluminate.
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Gelation of Sodium Silicate. Effect of Sulfuric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, Ammonium Sulfate, and Sodium Aluminate.Reynold C. Merrill and Robert W. SpencerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1950, 54, 6, 806–812Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1950Publication History Published online…
Crystallinity of Cellulose and Its Significance for the Fiber Properties
The subject of this paper is treated mainly from the standpoint of cotton cellulose. The concept of crystallinity is discussed not simply in the narrow sense of degree of crystallinity but in the broader sense, which involves the whole fine structure of cellulose. With respect to crystallinity in the latter sense, the…
Periodate Oxidation of Dextran
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPeriodate Oxidation of DextranAllene Jeanes and C. A. WilhamCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 6, 2655–2657Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01162a086https://…
Work Functions of the Elements
Like the chemical properties of the elements, the work function φ is a periodic function of atomic number, as shown clearly by a new compilation of published data for 57 elements. The progressive rise and fall of work function values throughout the table of the elements appears to be sufficiently regular to permit app…
On the Stresses and Energies associated with Inter-Crystalline Boundaries
Models, largely based on the assumptions introduced by Peierls and Nabarro in dealing with a single dislocation, are used in calculations on three types of intercrystalline boundaries, namely, (I) a boundary due to a difference of atomic spacing, (II) a twist boundary, and (III) a symmetrical tilt boundary. With these…
Second-Order Transition Temperatures and Related Properties of Polystyrene. I. Influence of Molecular Weight
Dilatometric and viscometric data on fractionated polystyrenes containing diethylbenzene end groups are presented over wide temperature ranges. The second-order transition temperature, viscosity-temperature coefficient, and specific volume all change rapidly with increasing molecular weight toward asymptotic limits wh…
The electrical conductivity of thin wires
Abstract In the first part of this paper, simple approximate methods have been developed for evaluating the electrical conductivity of films and wires of a size comparable with the mean free path of the conduction electrons. In the second part, a rigorous theory has been given of the electrical conductivity of a thin…
New Isotopes of Neptunium
Evidence is presented for three new, light neptunium isotopes formed by deuteron bombardments of ${\mathrm{U}}^{233}$, ${\mathrm{U}}^{235}$, and ${\mathrm{U}}^{238}$. The isotope ${\mathrm{Np}}^{231}$ has a half-life of 50\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3 min. and emits alpha-particles of 6.28-Mev energy; the proportion o…
Magnetic and Electric Properties of Natural and Synthetic Single Crystals of Magnetite
When a crystal of magnetite has been cooled through the low temperature transition (near -164\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C) in a demagnetized state, the magnetization undergoes a large and abrupt increase in the three principal crystallographic directions [100], [110], and [111] upon warming. The behavior of th…
Ferromagnetic Resonance Absorption in Magnetite Single Crystals
The microwave resonance absorption technique, at both 1.25 and 3.3 cm wave-lengths, was used to study the ferromagnetic crystalline anisotropy characteristics and $g$-factor of magnetite ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$. The experiments were performed on single crystals, both synthetic and natural, from room temp…