Materials Literature
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Organic monolayer protected Cu2S nanorods, 4 nm in diameter and 12 nm long, were synthesized using a novel solventless synthetic approach. Thermolytic degradation of a copper thiolate precursor at temperatures ranging from 140 to 200 degrees C produces Cu2S nanorods. Higher temperatures promote isotropic growth of sph…
The interaction of O 2 with charged and neutral gold clusters, Au N - and Au N containing up to eight atoms, investigated through the use of density functional theory with generalized gradient corrections and scalar relativistic pseudopotentials, exhibits a pronounced sensitivity to the cluster size and to its charge…
An electromechanical system is constructed to explore the electrical properties of various types of suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes under the influence of tensile stretching. Small band-gap semiconducting (or quasimetallic) nanotubes exhibit the largest resistance changes and piezoresistive gauge factors ( ap…
Silver has been prepared as triangular nanoplates with sharp corners and thin nanobelts by refluxing an aqueous dispersion of spherical colloids of silver with an average diameter of 3.5 nm. The spherical colloids of silver were, in turn, generated by reducing silver nitrate with sodium borohydride in the presence of…
The effects of a (non co-crystallizing) nucleating agent on secondary nucleation rate and final lamellar thickness in isothermally melt-crystallizing polyethylene oxide are considered. Small angle x-ray scattering reveals that lamellae formed in nucleated samples are thinner than in the pure samples crystallized at th…
Freezing of liquids in one dimension is studied by a lattice model that is an extension of the model solvent of the hydrophobic attraction. The model in one dimension, which is exactly solvable, exhibits a continuous phase change between a high-temperature disordered “liquid” state and a low-temperature ordered “solid…
Abstract A viscoelastic constitutive equation is derived for the diffusion flux of an infinitely dilute solute diffusing in a polymeric fluid under steady flow conditions. It is shown that the mass transfer rate of gas into an ideal polymer jet increases with increasing elasticity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J App…
We discuss the depletion interaction between a wall and a mesoscopic particle of ellipsoidal shape induced by long, flexible, nonadsorbing polymer chains. Both a force and a torque are exerted on the particle. We concentrate on the case in which the particle size is much smaller than typical polymer lengths, such as t…
Abstract A highly flexible molecular tweezer, (aqua)(2,6‐bis[(dimethylamino)methyl]‐4‐{3‐[(1‐pyrenyloxy)methyl]‐5‐(trimethylsilyl)benzyloxy}phenyl)palladium( II ) tetrafluoroborate ( 1a ), constructed from a para ‐hydroxy‐functionalized NCN‐pincer palladium( II ) complex {NCN−OH = [2,6‐(Me 2 NCH 2 ) 2 C 6 H 2 ‐4‐OH]},…
We investigate the possibility of forming a tilted smectic liquid crystal phase by suitably positioning two permanent dipoles in a rodlike molecule. We show, using Monte Carlo simulations, that a tilted smectic is formed from ellipsoidal Gay-Berne particles with two off-center outboard dipoles when these are directed…
The effects of mixed fatigue by phase-shifted electrical and mechanical loading on the material properties of a commercial lead–zirconate–titanate ceramic are presented. Both the loss in switchable polarization and strain are more pronounced than in purely unipolar electric, but much less than in bipolar electric fati…
We report on a systematic investigation of the influence of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) parameters upon the microstructure, surface morphology, and magnetic properties of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) thin films grown on (100) SrTiO3 substrates. The optimization of the physical properties requires a careful exploration of t…
A continuous transition from tilted to homeotropic alignment at an interface is observed at a temperature T(a) for a nematic liquid crystal on cooling toward the nematic-smectic-A phase transition temperature. T(a) is found to depend on the treatment of the substrate. The behavior is examined theoretically in terms of…
Uniformly a-axis-oriented, epitaxially twinned La-substituted Bi4Ti3O12 (BLT) thin films having the major spontaneous polarization entirely along the film normal were grown by pulsed laser deposition on yttria-stabilized zirconia-buffered Si(100) substrates covered with very thin SrRuO3 bottom electrodes. Using SrRuO3…
Composites of nanosized CdS–ZnS core–shell particles well dispersed in polycetyl- p-vinylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (PCVDAC) were fabricated and their optical properties and morphology were studied. The core-shell particles of less than 10 nm in size were prepared with the reverse micellar solutions formed by a p…
Experiments show that the D bands of bundles of single wall carbon nanotubes have a fine structure, apparently consisting of more than one subband. Using the double resonance theory, we calculate for the first time the D band for a sample of a given diameter distribution for seven different laser excitation energies i…
We report a fabrication method for producing interference-based electro-optic phase gratings that switch between diffracting and transparent states. The phase grating consists of a hexagonal-close-packed array of monodisperse emulsion drops of nematic liquid crystal, embedded in a polymer matrix. Monodisperse droplet…
We report a phase instability in oxygen-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy of Fe3O4 films on sapphire (0001) substrates. Under a wide range of growth conditions, Fe3O4(111) films phase separate, on a nanometer length scale, into Fe3O4, FeO and metallic Fe, which is attributed to formation of the thermodynamically…
Nano-porous carbon doped oxide (CDO) is one of the potential low dielectric constant (low-k) materials that can achieve a dielectric constant as low as 2.2 and is expected to be suitable for the next generation multilevel interconnection. However, the electrical stability of CDO in contact with metal has not been addr…
Electromigration during accelerated testing can induce plastic deformation in apparently undamaged Al interconnect lines as recently revealed by white beam scanning x-ray microdiffraction. In the present article, we provide a first quantitative analysis of the dislocation structure generated in individual micron-sized…