Materials Literature
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A nondestructive tracer-scanning technique was devised to study lateral self-diffusion and electromigration in evaporated thin Sn films. The diffusional spreading and migration of tracer distributions of Sn119m in thin Sn film matrices was recorded over a temperature range 142–213 °C. Determination of the profile shap…
The energy resolution and transit time spread of the 180 degrees hemispherical electrostatic analyser for nonrelativistic electrons or ions have been computed. The results have been expressed in terms of the dimensions of the analyser and the parameters describing the input particle beam for a large range of possible…
Abstract The Flory interaction parameter χ 1 of poly(vinyl alcohol)‐water systems has been estimated as a function of temperature and volume fraction of PVA, the polymer having been crosslinked from solutions of the same in water. Values are reported for temperatures between 0°C and 90°C and polymer volume fractions b…
Human tumors of a variety of histopathologic types have been established in tissue culture. The surface features of these cell lines were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with the use of new techniques for specimen preparation. Tumor cells demonstrated striking degrees of surface activity with numero…
The applicability of equilibrium relationships to the mobility of Al and Si in open systems (soil columns) was examined in nine soils representing six soil orders. Gibbsite, halloysite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite appeared to control the solubility of Al and Si. X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed their presen…
ZnS: MnF 2 phosphors and their references were investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The atomic ratio of F to Mn in ZnS: MnF 2 was found to be remarkably lower than that in MnF 2 film. The binding energy of Mn2p 3/2 in ZnS: MnF 2 is near that in β-MnS and ZnS doped with Mn atoms by heat-treatment. It is…
The discharge behavior of thermogalvanic cells based on a dissolved redox couple, namely ferro‐ferricyanide, was investigated as a function of redox couple concentration, temperature difference, electrode placement and configuration, and forced convection. The principal source of cell polarization was found to be the…
A CVD process for the preparation of transparent conducting layers of antimony‐doped tin oxide has been developed utilizing dibutyl tin diacetate, antimony pentachloride, O 2 , H 2 O , and N 2 as carrier gas at a substrate temperature of 400°–550°C. It was designed to fulfill a need for more highly conducting coatings…
The trapping of hydrogen in niobium by nitrogen interstitials was investigated by resistance measurements. The results showed that only about one hydrogen atom can be trapped per nitrogen interstitial at low temperatures and that the trapping enthalpy is 0.12+or-0.02 eV. Due to the trapping process the hydrogen-induce…
Abstract A study has been carried out of the differences in mechanical properties of oriented fibers of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (2GT), poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (3GT), and poly(tetramethylene terephthalate) (4GT). The properties studied include the tensile stress–strain behavior, the recovery from strain,…
An investigation of the behavior of protoporphyrin IX, deuteroporphyrin IX, haematoporphyrin IX and coproporphyrin III in aqueous solution revealed extensive and complex aggregation processes. Protoporphyrin appears to be highly aggregated under all conditions studied. At concentrations below 4 muM, aggregation of deu…
Kinking is a secondary deformation mode of crystalline materials being controlled by slip and often occurring as an accommodation mechanism for twins. However, it can also be considered to be a deformation mode in its own right. The composition plane and shear direction of a kink band can then be defined using the fam…
Abstract A new chelate resin was prepared by crosslinking poly(4-vinylpyridine) with a metal ion (Cu2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, and Hg2+) as a template. The resin comparatively adsorbed the metal ion which was used as a template. The stability constants of the copper complexes with the resins were measured.
X-ray diffraction data show that there are at least two forms of amorphous solid water which differ in density and second nearest-neighbor oxygen–oxygen distribution. (a) The lower density form, made at 77 °K, has a diffraction pattern consistent with a structure that has oxygen–oxygen nearest-neighbor tetrahedral sym…
Abstract Aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) solutions were crosslinked via electron‐beam irradiation to form transparent hydrogels of varying crosslinking densities. Typical crosslinked hydrogels with M c between 3500 and 8000 were weak, easily shattered, nonextensible materials with very low tensile moduli (up to 70 psi) an…
Systematic studies of spectral intensities using the Judd-Ofelt (J-O) theory for crystal-field-induced electric-dipole transitions demonstrate that Nd-doped glasses can be tailored for specific laser applications by proper selection of the glass constituents. Variations with glass composition are reported for the foll…
Forced oscillations of a spherical gas bubble in an incompressible, viscous liquid (water) are calculated numerically. The information gathered is mainly displayed in the form of frequency response curves of the steady-state solutions showing the harmonics, subharmonics, and ultraharmonics. Bubbles oscillating ultraha…
Photoemission energy distribution spectra of clean metal and semiconductor surfaces are interpreted in terms of emission from electronic states characteristic of both the surface and 'infinite' bulk crystal. The photoexcitation matrix element is shown to depend on the degree of localization of the final-state wavefunc…
Solid solution strengthening and deformation behavior of titanium-aluminum single crystals has been studied over the range of temperature 77-1100K and from 0 to 6.6 w/o Al. Crystal orientations have been chosen to promote prism slip, basal slip and c+a slip, and the temperature and composition dependence of the critic…
The single-crystal elastic constants of MgZn2 were determined by McSkimin's pulse super-position method. In the temperature range between 150 and 300 K the elastic moduli of C11, C33, and C44 increase linearly with decreasing temperature. This linear range is followed by a transition range within which the slope of th…