Materials Literature
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ABSTRACT New UK regulations from June 1989 will enforce the provisions of an EC Directive on the use of sewage sludge in agriculture. Among the requirements is one that sludge should be treated before surface application to farmland. Treatment is needed to reduce ‘significantly’ both the fermentability of sludge and t…
The effect of powder characteristics on the microstructures and dieletric properties of (Ba,Nb)‐doped TiO 2 ceramics was investigated. Two powders were prepared: one by coprecipitation and the other from mixing of reagent oxides. The powder characteristics were determined by TEM, X‐ray powder diffraction, SEM, and cen…
Mixed oxides of copper and aluminum were prepared in porous form by the citrate process under various calcination conditions. The oxide samples were characterized by several techniques to determine chemical structure and texture. Atomic absorption spectroscopy provided the fractions of copper soluble and insoluble in…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect metalation of p-bromopolystyrene using highly reactive copper and the preparation and reaction of highly reactive copper bound to an insoluble polymerRichard A. O'Brien and Reuben D. RiekeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 3, 788–790Publication Date (Print):February 1…
The oxidation of iron in gas mixtures consisting of Ar, , and at 1100 and 1200 K has been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and examination of the corrosion products of the process by scanning electron microscopy and x‐ray diffraction analysis. The results of the experiments have been compared with theoretica…
Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films have been prepared by a sputtering deposition utilizing electron-cyclotron-resonance (ECR) plasma. An X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the ZnO films were highly c -axis oriented. The electrical resistivity of ZnO films is as high as 2.5 MΩcm. It is confirmed that the ZnO films exhi…
A series of electron diffraction patterns displaying continuous transformation of the octagonal quasicrystal into the β-Mn type structure were obtained in a rapidly quenched Cr-Ni-Si alloy. This transformation is interpreted in terms of a gradual introduction of short-range periodical translational order to the octago…
A clean silver island film prepared in UHV was covered at about 28 K first with one monolayer of C 5 D 5 N and afterwards exposed to a quantity of C 5 H 5 N corresponding to 4 monolayers (or vice versa ). Raman scattering showed an intensity enhancement of about 2 orders of magnitude confined to the isotopic species a…
The activity of rhodium for oxygen gas evolution in base is significantly enhanced by the presence of a thick, hydrous oxide film which is produced by repetitive potential cycling. An increase in oxygen evolution rate of up to three orders of magnitude was obtained on growing these films; the latter were found to be s…
Fluoride salt mixtures of composition, LiF–BeF2–ZrF4–UF4 (64.5, 30.3, 5.0, 0.13 mol%) were irradiated using 107–108 R/h gamma radiation to achieve high doses. Under these conditions, F2 is released from the salt and accumulates as an F2 overpressure until a 2 mol% damage limit in the crystal is reached. At this point,…
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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantum mechanical calculations on molecular sieves. 2. Model cluster investigation of silicoaluminophosphatesEric G. Derouane, J. G. Fripiat, and R. Von BallmoosCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 4, 1687–1692Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Publ…
Hydrogen-induced phase transformations of the equilibrium intermetallic compound Zr3 Al have been studied by in situ elastic neutron scattering, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM observations reveal two distinct modes of amorphous phase formation in Zr3 Al upon hydrogenation, namely, h…
Abstract The influence on silver colloids of the addition of KCI was directly investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the particle size increased and the surfaces of the crystal particles of the silver became covered with an overlayer. Additionally, the pattern of aggregation…
Abstract The isomer shift in the 57Fe-Mössbauer spectra of xCaO·(90−x)Ga2O3·10Fe2O3 (x=40–60) and xBaO ·(90−x)Ga2O3·10Fe2O3(x=65–70) glasses decreases gradually from 0.28 to 0.16 mm s−1 with increasing CaO or BaO contents. This indicates a formation of nonbridging oxygen atoms in the GaO4 and FeO4 tetrahedra. Large qu…
Abstract Absorption, emission, and excitation spectra of copper(I) ions in calcium metaphosphate glass are investigated. Analysis of the absorption spectrum in the light of ligand field theory reveals that the oxygen coordination surrounding the ion in glass is grossly a trigonally distorted octahedron. A chemical mod…
A new method for electrochemical polymerization of aniline is presented in which a small amount of p-aminodiphenylamine is added to the polymerization system. In the presence of p-aminodiphenylamine, the rate of polymerization increases greatly, the lower potentials can be applied to generate polyaniline with probably…
Abstract Die Mikrofibrillarsturktur von Algencellulose, Bakteriencellulose, Ramie, Baumwollinters und Chemiezellstoff wurde mittels Elektronenmikroskopie und Röntgen‐Weitwinkelstreuung vergleichend untersucht. In Abhängigkeit von der Herkunft der Cellulose werden elektronmikroskopicsch Mikrofibrillen mit unterschiedli…
We discuss, using general principles, the growth of a nematic wetting layer at a surface in an isotropic fluid close to the nematic-isotropic transition. The effect of competition between the nematic anchoring at a wall and at the incipient isotropic surface can lead to effects which are particular to systems with ori…
The double loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation technique was developed to detect sensitization in wrought stainless steel. Because cast stainless steel has a different microstructure than wrought stainless steel, neither the double loop nor the single loop EPR technique has the selectivity required to de…