Materials Literature
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Light-induced molecule reorientation in dye-doped liquid crystals has been applied to nonlinear spatial filtering of periodic patterns. Photoisomerization of azo-dye molecules leads to local alignment changes in the liquidcrystal molecules because of interaction among the molecules. Consequently the polarization of tr…
Electrical currents trigger oxidation or reduction reactions in conducting polymers. Changes in volume associated with these redox processes can be transformed into macroscopic movements of more than 180° by the construction of a bilayer: polypyrrole-flexible and inactive polymer (artificial muscle). The effects of th…
Factors affecting the self‐discharge rate of a nickel/metal‐hydride (Ni‐MH) battery, generally much higher than that of nickel/cadmium (Ni‐Cd) battery, are investigated, and the self‐discharge mechanism is discussed. Ammonia and amine participate in the shuttle reaction like nitrate ion in the Ni‐Cd battery, resulting…
Functional organic dyes provide a direct link between electronics and optics. The supramolecular packing of a given chromophore plays an important role in the functional properties of a material. A highly substituted, soluble quinacridone (see Figure) is presented for which the aggregation process can be directly prob…
Abstract Water‐soluble polydepsipeptides with functionalized side‐chain groups, i.e., alternating copolymers, consisting of glycolic acid (Glc) and L ‐lysine ( L ‐Lys), L ‐aspartic acid ( L ‐Asp) or L ‐glutamic acid ( L ‐Glu) residues as α‐hydroxy acid and α‐amino acid residues, respectively, were synthesized, and the…
Two kinetically distinct types of oxygen atoms can be identified during the isothermal oxidation of CO on Pt(111) even though they all sit in identical sites at the start of the reaction. This is explained by a lowering in the reaction activation barrier with oxygen islanding.
Steel samples exposed to a 5% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution containing 0.5% acetic acid (CH3COOH) saturated with hydrogen sulfide (H2S), with and without imidazole (C3H4N2) as an inhibitor, were analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The metal surface was cover…
A suggestion is advanced that the stable bubble clusters observed by Marston et al. [Bubble Dynamics and Interface Phenomena, edited by J. R. Blake et al. (Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, 1994), pp. 343–353] in an ultrasonic field are due to the radiative interaction forces of the bubbles, which change from attraction to…
The crystal structure of bismuth compounds was established by Aurivillius and the general formula (Bi2O2)2+(Mn−1RnO3n+1)2− indicates that n (1 to 6) perovskite-like layers. M is a cation of 1, 2 or 3 valency and R is a smaller cation of 3, 4, 5 or 6 valency. The properties of a large number of compounds of this family…
Textile composites are known to have improved out-of-plane properties and impact resistance. However, detailed analysis of textile composites is very difficult to perform due to the geometric complexity. In the present study, a practical computational procedure based on a global/local finite element method was develop…
Dynamic observation of surface charge distribution is the main advantage of the electro-optical Pockels effect technique over the dust figure technique, the photographic Lichtenberg figure technique, and the static potential probe scanning method. This technique is demonstrated here to observe the surface charge distr…
Abstract Stricter emission control legislation for diesel use has been increasing interest in highly efficient wall‐flow particulate filters. The mathematical modeling of the filter regeneration process is indispensable in developing reliable and durable trap systems for various applications. Although modeling of wall…
Other| June 01, 1996 Thermochemistry of natural potassium sodium calcium leonhardite and its cation-exchanged forms Irina Kiseleva; Irina Kiseleva Princeton University, Department of Geological and Geophysical Sciences, Princeton, NJ, United States Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Alexandra…
The crystal structure, thermal vibrations and electron density of L-arginine phosphate monohydrate (formally C 6 H 15 N 4 O 2 + .H 2 PO 4 − .H 2 O) have been analysed using 130 K single-crystal X-ray diffraction data to a resolution of (sin θ /λ) max = 1.20 Å −1 . A multipolar pseudo-atom density model was fitted agai…
The grain boundary structure and oxygen tracer diffusion in transparent yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramics varying from 2% excess of Y 2 O 3 to 0.5% excess of Al 2 O 3 were studied. The characterization of the specimens is as follows: (i) For the Y 2 O 3 ‐excess specimen, a second phase (yttrium aluminum perovskit…
Polycarboxylic acids have been used as crosslinking agents for cotton cellulose. In our previous research, we used Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to investigate the formation of five-membered cyclic anhydride intermediates on cotton fabric by different polycarboxylic acids. In this research, we found…
Abstract Free radical melt grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto polypropylene (PP) was studied. The extent of GMA grafting and the molecular weight of the functionalized PP copolymers were controlled by carefully manipulating various reaction factors, such as monomer concentration, initiator concentration, rea…
We developed a split Hopkinson bar technique to evaluate the performance of accelerometers that measure large amplitude pulses. A nondispersive stress pulse propagates in an aluminum bar and interacts with a tungsten or steel disk at the end of the bar. We measure stress at the aluminum bar-disk interface with a quart…
A polymerized complex technique was used to prepare high‐purity pyrochlore Y 2 Ti 2 O 7 powders at 750°C. Heating of a mixed solution of citric acid (CA), ethylene glycol (EG), and yttrium and titanium ions, with a molar ratio of CA:EG:Y:Ti = 5:20:1:1, at 130°C produced a yellowish transparent polymeric gel without an…
Packet-like space-charge behavior in polyethylene for cable insulation was studied by utilizing the laser-induced pressure-pulse technique. Space charge observation under various conditions showed that the charge packet was formed in the specimen doped with antioxidant, especially when the specimen is oxidized. Period…