Materials Literature
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Gold decoration of the basal lattice plane of graphite etched by atomic oxygen has been made possible by first desorbing the surface oxide layer on the basal plane. The formation of monolayer pits, as revealed by gold decoration, shows that anisotropy does exist, i.e., carbon atoms are preferentially attacked by atomi…
It is shown that the Mayer–Montroll (MM) and Kirkwood–Salsburg (KS) hierarchies of equilibrium statistical mechanics for a binary mixture under certain limits become equations for the n-point matrix probability functions Sn associated with two-phase random media. The MM representation proves to be identical to the Sn…
A series of experiments on the physics and chemistry of polymers derived from pyrroles show that the oxidation of neutral insulating polypyrrole (PP0) to its conducting counterpart (PP+) is a multistep process. In particular, the conductivity of the polymers increases only in the early stages of oxidation, whereas sig…
The diffusion coefficients of nitrogen in polycrystalline α-Ti have been measured by annealing nitrogen-implanted titanium samples in the low-temperature region, i.e., 450–700 °C. The nitrogen profiles were probed with the ( p,γ) resonance broadening method. The implantation energies were 20–60 keV and the fluences we…
Gratings of dielectric material can act as homogeneous birefringent materials if the wavelength of the incident radiation is greater than twice the period of the grating. For the case of square profile gratings, simple equations predict the birefringence versus linewidth-to-period ratio of the gratings. By using x-ray…
Surface-atom core-level shifts from evaporated noble metals are reported using angle-dependent x-ray photoemission with monochromatized $\mathrm{Al}K\ensuremath{\alpha}$ radiation. The absence of line broadening with increasing takeoff angle for the case of aluminum metal, where the surface shift is known to be small,…
Single- and many-particle effects contributing to the formation of energy-band gaps in semiconducting polymers are investigated using exact-exchange Hartree-Fock (HF) theory and Toyozawa's electronic-polaron model. The electron correlation is calculated by M\o{}ller-Plesset perturbation theory including explicitly all…
Abstract The paper describes a novel technique for synthesizing diamond, which relies on the build-up of extra diamond lattice planes within the bulk crystal. This is achieved by the implantation of high energy (say 20 keV) carbon ions into a heated diamond crystal. Carbon ions of this energy range come to rest hundre…
Abstract In this paper a crystallographic framework and methodology are presented that enable the derivation of the symmetry of any bicrystal comprising a planar interface between two crystals of the same or different form. If the crystals are different the interface is an interphase boundary, and if they are the same…
Surface-plasmon-polariton-mediated luminescence is observed when electrons are injected into thin Al films from the conduction band of Si${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$. These electron-injector structures are strikingly similar to light-emitting tunnel junctions, although tunneling can be ruled out as the driving mechanism. The em…
The interaction between 1,4‐β‐D‐glucan‐cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) from Trichoderma reesei and microcrystalline cellulose from Vallonia macrophysa was investigated by electron microscopy which allows to visualize the individual enzymes and their strong adsorption at the substrate surface. The microcrystals are slowly d…
Nonlinear electrical conductivity associated with a large noise voltage has been observed in the semiconducting charge-density-wave state of the blue bronze ${\mathrm{K}}_{0.30}$Mo${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$. A well defined and strongly temperature-dependent threshold field for the onset of the nonlinear conductivity is found.…
The existence of a new kind of electron state in graphite and in alkali graphite intercalation compounds is predicted with use of self-consistent local-density all-electron theory. These interlayer states, which exhibit free-electron character parallel to the layers, form a band close to the Fermi energy and provide f…
Article Veränderungen in Eigenschaften und Bruchverhalten von Wolfram- Schwermetallen während der Flüssigphasensinterung was published on March 1, 1983 in the journal International Journal of Materials Research (volume 74, issue 3).
Abstract Photocrosslinkable polymer is prepared from amorphous poly(methyl vinyl ketone) (A‐PMVK) obtained by anionic polymerization of methyl vinyl ketone. The reaction of A‐PMVK with cinnamoyl chloride proceeds in pyridine at 50°C. The photosensitivity of the polymer obtained is measured by infrared and Ultraviolet…
Abstract Energy transfer between fluorescent organic pigments (fluorophors) dispersed in a paint vehicle was studied for mixtures of a yellow, a red, and an orange fluorescent pigment, and for mixtures of these with titanium dioxide. Radiative energy transfer occurs among the fluorophors, but not between them and tita…
Abstract We have found that silicone rubber compounds undergo a reduction in effective chain concentration when heated in an environment of high temperature silicone oil and that this rate of reduction is dependent upon the effective chain concentration to the 3/2 power. The 3/2 power relationship results from a slowe…
Summary A high‐resolution 500 kV study of the long‐period ( n = 8) perovskite Bi 9 Ti 3 Fe 5 O 27 has revealed a variety of order/disorder effects, in marked contrast to low‐ n materials, as well as the occurrence of a new two‐dimensional superlattice structure corresponding to a 3 × d 110 ordering along the bismuthat…
The sulfate heptahydrates $M\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}7{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$ crystallize in two different structures: the monoclinic melanterite ($M=\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e},\mathrm{C}\mathrm{o},\mathrm{C}\mathrm{u},\mathrm{C}\mathrm{r}$) and the orthorhombic epsomite ($M=\m…
An optical fiber operating in the mid-infrared wavelength range is fabricated using ZrF4-based fluoride glass. Material purification, the fiber fabrication process, and transmission properties are presented. The starting materials, ZrF4, BaF2, GdF3, AlF3, and SbF3are carefully purified by sublimation techniques. The "…