Materials Literature
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An investigation was carried out of permanent polarization gratings recorded in films of polymer (elastomer) and azo dye written by two orthogonally circularly polarized Ar-ion laser beams. The films prepared were of two kinds, namely, a mixture of dye and polymer and a layered structure, i.e., a thin polymer film cov…
External transgranular cracking was observed on underground pipelines. The phenomenon took place under disbonded coating zones and was induced by the presence of diluted bicarbonate aqueous solution containing dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2). The observed environmental-assisted cracking is very often interpreted as a r…
Lyocell, a novel cellulosic fiber, has superior mechanical properties along with envi ronmental friendly aspects. Nevertheless, in some applications, its fibrillation behavior is considered to be a drawback. This behavior can be easily measured by the so-called fibrillation index, which is a value indicating the degre…
The difference in electrochemical corrosion potential of stainless steel exposed to high temperature pure water containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen (O2)is caused by differences in chemical form of oxide films. In order to identify differences in oxide film structures on stainless steel after exposure to H2O…
Microcellular foams of polypropylene containing wood fibres, cell sizes on the order of 10 to 50 μm were produced by injection moulding. The relationships of processing/structure/property were investigated for wood fibre-thermoplastics composites foaming with a chemical blowing agent. Wood polypropylene composites (WP…
We consider the effect of droplet excitations in the random first-order transition theory of glasses on the configurational entropy. The contribution of these excitations is estimated both at and above the ideal glass transition temperature. The temperature range where such excitations could conceivably modify or “rou…
Direct additive-layer fabrication of nanostructures is a widely sought goal, which is not possible using traditional layered resist optical and electron-beam lithographic techniques. However, recently, it has been shown that certain metallic and semiconducting nanoparticles capped with protective organic groups are pr…
A low-temperature route for coating oxide nanospheres with metal nanoparticles to achieve core-shell structures is introduced. First results indicating a dense coverage of silica nanospheres of about 300 nm size with regularly arranged Ag and Au nanoparticles deposited by a modified incipient wetness impregnation proc…
Galactose mutarotase catalyzes the conversion of beta-D-galactose to alpha-D-galactose in the Leloir pathway for galactose metabolism. The high resolution x-ray structure of the dimeric enzyme from Lactococcus lactis was recently solved and shown to be topologically similar to the 18-stranded, anti-parallel beta-motif…
Abstract Tensile strengths, σ b , of gum and N115-filled natural rubber test pieces, with and without edge pre-cuts, have been determined. At low crosslink density, the regular (uncut) σ b of filled and gum vulcanizates is similar. However, at high crosslink density, the gum NR becomes brittle, while the corresponding…
A directionally solidified Al2Cu(θ) crystal (body centred tetragonal lattice, a = 0.6063 nm, c = 0.4872 nm) grown along the c axis has been observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the solidification defects. In a first step, using two-beam TEM, matrix dislocations with large Burgers vectors 1…
Abstract Six new structure refinements and eleven sets of polarised, single-crystal electronic absorption spectra, E ‖ X , Y and Z , in the energy range 35000–5000 cm –1 were obtained on natural and synthetic orthozoisite-type “thulites” and clinozoisite-type piemontites: Ca 2 (Al 3–p M p 3+ ) [OH|O|SiO 4 |Si 2 O 7 ]…
A homologous series of chiral twin liquid crystals possessing identical chiral moieties at both peripheral ends, i.e. optically active α,ω -bis{4-[(4′-(1-methylheptyloxycarbonyl)-4-biphenylyl)oxycarbony]phenoxy}alkanes, has been prepared and their liquid crystalline properties investigated. The homologues preferred to…
[reaction: see text] Synthesis of mono meso-free modified corroles by a [3+1] methodology is reported.
We present a configurational-biased lattice Monte Carlo scheme for simulating nonideal dendrimers that satisfies detailed balance. This corrects an important shortcoming in a previous lattice Monte Carlo scheme by Mansfield and Klushin: in a previous publication, we showed that the Mansfield and Klushin scheme did not…
Starting from gel suspensions of vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ), we have prepared a series of samples by dilution with aqueous solutions of HPF 6 or NH 4 OH to control the vanadium concentration and the pH. We have first accurately determined the limit of stability of V 2 O 5 ribbonlike particles from visual observatio…
Most of the chemistry‐based preparation routes for bismuth titanate (BIT) involve calcination at elevated temperatures in order to realize precursor‐to‐ceramic conversion. In a completely different approach using an amorphous BIT hydroxide precursor, nanocrystalline particles of layered perovskite BIT are synthesized…
Mean thickness measurements and crystal-thickness distributions (CTDs) of illite particles vary systematically with changes in hydrothermal alteration type, fracture density, and attendant mineralization in a large acid-sulfate/Mo-porphyry hydrothermal system at Red Mountain, near Lake City, Colorado. The hydrothermal…
Numerous studies have demonstrated the presence of at least two distinct kaolinites in individual kaolinite samples, one a low-defect material and the other a moderate- to high-defect material. Other studies have shown that some kaolinites contain the lowest-defect material in the coarsest size fractions whereas other…
We present periodic density-functional theory calculations within the GGA Hamiltonian for monolayers of Pd and Pt supported on the {111} surfaces of cubic-ZrO2 and CeO2. We find that the adsorption energies for the Pd-layer on both the zirconia and ceria supports are ca. 200 kJ mol−1, while the corresponding adsorptio…