Materials Literature
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Graft polymerization of vinyl monomers was made onto some natural and synthetic textile fibers that were pretreated by glow discharge plasmas. Among the monomers investigated, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) produced the most improved grafting effects. Effects of plasma gas source, exposing time of glow discharge,…
Polyisoprene was vulcanized with N-cyclohexylbenzothiazole sulfenamide (CBS), sulfur, and zinc oxide by heating in a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) at a programmed rate to given temperatures. The reaction was quenched and the product analyzed. Soluble curatives and reaction intermediates were analyzed by high…
In this study, poly(DL-lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PDLLA/PEG) copolymers were synthesized. First, PDLLA homopolymers with three different molecular weights (Mwn: 7,300, 12,100 and 21,900) were synthesized by the ring opening polymerization of the dimer (i.e., DL-lactide) by using stannous chloride as catalyst. Ave…
Liquid NaSn alloys in five different compositions (20, 40, 50, 57 and 80% sodium) are studied using density functional calculations combined with molecular dynamics(Car-Parrinello method). The frequency-dependent electric conductivities for the systems are calculated by means of the Kubo-Greenwood formula. The extrapo…
Auger spectra of xenon in the energy regions of 0 to 100 eV (NOO, NNO, NNN, MMN, LLN) and 250 to 550 eV emitted upon creation of single vacancies in N, M, or L shell are calculated by straightforward construction of de-excitation trees of vacancy cascades. Strong dependence of the shapes of the cascade-affected spectr…
A systematic study of the size dependence of the photoluminescence spectra of Si quantum nanocrystals in the SiO2 matrix has been performed. The results have been fitted to a quantum-confinement model that includes the nanocrystal size dispersion rather than a specific size of the nanocrystal. This, in conjunction wit…
In this letter we describe a method for producing large areas of Si(001) surfaces which are (i) free of atomic steps and (ii) arranged in regular patterns on the wafer. The first step is the fabrication of a two-dimensional grating structure using e-beam lithography and reactive ion etching. This grating is then annea…
Bulk melts of semiconducting pure Ge and dilute Ge-based systems were processed in a containerless state. Velocities of free crystal growth have been measured directly as a function of undercooling. The analysis within current theories of dendrite growth allows the identification of the growth mode, either edgewise or…
Voltage shift and deformation in the hysteresis loop of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) capacitors have been studied by varying the annealing temperature after patterning the top sputter-deposited Pt electrode using reactive ion etch (RIE) with Ar gas. It was observed that the hysteresis loop of the film was seriously deformed by b…
The results of a systematic ultrahigh resolution ultraviolet photoemission study of the electronic structure of stable icosahedral alloys ${\mathrm{Al}}_{64}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{24}$${\mathrm{Fe}}_{12}$, ${\mathrm{Al}}_{65}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{20}$${\mathrm{Fe}}_{15}$, ${\mathrm{Al}}_{70}$${\mathrm{Pd}}_{20}$${\mathrm{Mn}}_{1…
We have fabricated thin films of La1−xCaxMnOδ with tetragonal symmetry. For low temperatures and magnetic fields the measured magnetoresistance is anisotropic: initially positive for applied magnetic field perpendicular to the film plane and negative for field applied parallel to the film plane. At high temperatures t…
Zero-field muon spin relaxation and resistivity experiments on ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.67}$${\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.33}$Mn${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ powder show that the sublattice magnetization ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}(T)$ is well described for $T\ensuremath{\le}{T}_{c}$ by ${(1\ensuremath{-}\frac{T}{{T}_{c}})}^{\ensuremath…
Performance degradation in liquid crystal cells was studied by analyzing the time evolution of optical and integrated current vs voltage hysteresis curves as test cells were subjected to a dc bias. We find evidence for permanent increases in liquid crystal mobile ion populations, the primary cause of device performanc…
The pre-martensitic anomalies observed by elastic, thermal and electron microscopy measurements in the group of Ni - Mn - Ga alloys with K have been attributed to the formation of the intermediate phase existing in the temperature range 30 - 60 K above the martensitic transformation temperature. The results are discus…
Ethanolic extracts of 61 medicinal plants used in Malaysia were screened for antiviral and cytotoxic activities. Antiviral activity was tested against the herpes simplex type-1 (HSV-1) and vesicular stomatitis (VSV) viruses, and cytotoxicity was assayed using the HeLa cell line. Antiviral activity against both viruses…
Infrared reflectivity spectra were measured for a polycrystalline ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}$${\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}$Mn${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ sample. The internal phonon modes, i.e., the bending and stretching modes, of the Mn${\mathrm{O}}_{6}$ octahedra show significant frequency shifts near the Curie temperature ${T}_{C}$. The f…
The (001) surfaces of cubic SiC were investigated with ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations. We show that C-terminated surfaces can have different c(2x2) and p(2x1) reconstructions, depending on preparation conditions and thermal treatment, and we suggest experimental probes to identify the various reconstructed g…
The switching of the magnetization of single Ni wires with diameters 40-100 nm was measured at temperatures between 0.13 and 6 K. The angular dependence of the switching field was studied for several wire diameters. Repetitive measurements allow us to obtain histograms of the switching field values. For the smallest d…
A three-dimensional computer simulation of a concentrated emulsion in shear flow has been developed for low-Reynolds-number finite-capillary-number conditions. Numerical results have been obtained using an efficient boundary integral formulation with periodic boundary conditions and up to twelve drops in each periodic…
Local Spin Density Approximation (LSDA) is used to calculate the energy bands of both the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases of metallic CrO_2. The Fermi level lies in a peak in the paramagnetic density of states, and the ferromagnetic phase is more stable. As first predicted by Schwarz, the magnetic moment is 2 μ_…