Materials Literature
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Thin films of Nd3+-substituted bismuth titanate, (Bi4.00−y,Ndy)Ti3.00O12 (BNT), Nd3+/V5+-cosubstituted bismuth titanate, (Bi4.00−y,Ndy)(Ti3.00−xVx)O12 (BNTV), and La3+-substituted bismuth titanate, (Bi3.25,La0.75)Ti3.00O12 (BLT) were fabricated on the (111)Pt/Ti/SiO2/(100)Si substrates by a chemical solution depositio…
Centimeter long single-walled carbon nanotube strands synthesized using chemical vapor deposition method were characterized using microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and small-angle X-ray diffraction techniques. The strands are large collections of well-aligned nanotube bundles, which consist of well-arranged single…
Large yield of β-Ga2O3 nanorods with metal Ga tip were efficiently synthesized. They were deposited on surface of amorphous C fibers by decomposition of Ga2O vapor at around 1000 °C, where Ga2O vapor was produced at 1360 °C by a reaction between pure Ga2O3 and active carbon powders. The nanorods had diameters ranging…
A simultaneous analysis of high-resolution directional Compton profiles and two-dimensional angular correlation of positron annihilation experimental data has been performed by studying both a directional anisotropy of measured spectra and reconstructed densities. The results were compared with theoretical fully-relat…
We show for the intermediate valence compound YbAl$_{3}$ that the high field (40 $\lesssim B \lesssim$ 60T) effective masses measured by the de Haas-van Alphen experiment for field along the $<111>$ direction are smaller by approximately a factor of two than the low field masses. The field $B^{*} \sim$ 40T for this re…
For 40 million years, diatoms have dominated the reverse weathering of silica on Earth. These photosynthetic protists take up dissolved silicic acid from the water and precipitate opaline silica to form their cell wall. We show that the biosilica of diatoms is an effective pH buffer, enabling the enzymatic conversion…
The results of the X-ray, microscopic, magnetic, and dielectric measurements performed for PFN single crystals and ceramic samples are presented. The influence of the technological conditions on selected physical properties of the materials examined is shown.
Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) thin films consist of 2–5 nm grains of pure sp3-bonded carbon and ∼0.5-nm-wide grain boundaries with a disordered mixture of sp2- and sp3-bonded carbon. UNCD exhibits many interesting materials properties that are a direct consequence of its nanoscale morphology. In this work, we re…
Individual paramagnetic defect centers in diamond nanocrystals have been investigated by low-temperature high-resolution optical spectroscopy. Narrow fluorescence excitation spectral lines have been found, indicating transitions between individual spin sublevels. Spectral diffusion is explained by cross relaxation amo…
Diamond possesses extraordinary material properties, a result that has given rise to a broad range of scientific and technological applications. This study reports the successful production of high-quality single-crystal diamond with microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) techniques. The diamond single cry…
A small library of copper and noble metal nanoclusters is designed and synthesized. These clusters are tested as catalysts in the Suzuki cross-coupling of various aryl halides with phenylboronic acid. It is found that copper and copper/noble metal combination nanoclusters are active catalysts for this reaction, the mo…
In particle formation, the method can be just as important as the chemical reaction involved. A new method of synthesizing hydrotalcite-like layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of the type [Mg 1 - x Al x (OH) 2 ] x + (CO 3 2 - ) x/ 2 · y H 2 O ( x = 1.7−3.3) is reported. The key features of this method are a very rapid m…
The photophysical properties of the lowest singlet and triplet excited states of some trans-1-(9-anthryl)-2-(n-naphthyl)ethenes (n = 1 or 2, t-n-ANE) and trans-1-(9-anthryl)-2-(n-quinolyl)ethenes (n = 2–4, t-n-AQE) derivatives have been studied in methylcyclohexane and acetonitrile at room temperature. The hydrocarbon…
Abstract Atactic and syndiotactic‐rich poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers were prepared by gel spinning using ethylene glycol as a solvent. The mechanical properties of the fibers were independent of the degree of polymerization, although they were dependent on syndiotacticity. The amounts of tie molecules and the difference…
Abstract Blend membranes of chitin/cellulose from 12 : 50 to 12 : 250 were successfully prepared from cotton linters in 1.5 M NaOH/0.65 M thirourea solution system. Two coagulation systems were used to compare with each other, one coagulating by 5 wt % H 2 SO 4 (system H), and the other by 5 wt % CaCl 2 and then 5 wt…
Modification of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) film was carried out by grafting of acrylic acid (AA) onto its backbone using supercritical (SC) CO2 as a solvent and swelling agent. The iPP film was impregnated with the monomer AA and benzoyl peroxide initiator using SC CO2 at 308.15 K, followed by thermal polymerizatio…
The structural reorganization of carbon nanoparticles into single-wall nanotubes via high temperature annealing in absence of metal catalysts, was monitored by photoemission and x-ray absorption spectroscopy. It has been found that for this system an advanced graphitization process is made possible by the peculiar nan…
Heat capacity of a halogen-bridged quasi-one-dimensional mixed-valence binuclear metal complex (the so-called $\mathrm{MMX}$ chain), ${\mathrm{Pt}}_{2}(n\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Bu}{\mathrm{CS}}_{2}{)}_{4}\mathrm{I},$ was measured by adiabatic calorimetry. First-order phase transitions were observed at 213.5 K and 323.5…
This paper considers the theory of electron field emission from nanoscale emitters with particular focus on thermal and electrical energy transport. The foundational theory of field emission is explored, and a model is presented that accounts explicitly for the energy band curvature produced by nanoscale tip emitters.…
An unconventional self-assembly process was integrated with traditional silicon microfabrication technologies to directly form hexagonally ordered nanoporous patterns on both SiO 2 and Si surfaces. Starting with an aluminium thin film deposited on a SiO 2 or Si substrate, an Al anodization process was employed to gene…