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In this study the effect of additions of 0.0015 to 0.0030 mole fraction of rare‐earth oxides on the d.‐c. resistivity of sintered barium titanate was investigated. The substitution may be represented by ( X 2 O 3 ) M (BaTiO 3 ) 1‐M where X is the rare earth. The rare earths samarium, gadolinium, and holmium were intro…
A spin-Hamiltonian approach to the theory of spin-lattice relaxation in paramagnetic salts is developed in which the orbit-lattice interaction is treated as a perturbation connecting states of the overall spin-Hamiltonian. The approach is much simpler than previous treatments where the spin-orbit and Zeeman effects we…
Abstract The crosslinking efficiencies of several curing agents have been determined from swelling measurements. The results indicate that dicumyl peroxide is a quantitative crosslinking agent for natural rubber, as was previously found to be true of dimethyloctadiene. As one molecule of dicumyl peroxide is able to fo…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhysical Chemistry of Surfaces.Herman E. Ries Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 8, 2028–2029Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01469a073https://doi.org/1…
Long- and short-range interactions of dislocations and the likely result of dislocation intersections in fcc lattices are assessed. Of the 24 possible secondary glide systems which could interact with a primary system, 12 promote work hardening by providing strong blocks to primary glide propagation, while 12 provide…
Calculations show that, under concentrated load, ratio of pressures and deflections along beam are constant if beam has infinite length; when analysis of beams of infinite length, resting on elastic-isotropic half-space, is based on coefficient k of subgrade, reaction bending moments are overestimated, contact pressur…
Abstract Expressions are derived from free volume considerations which predict the concentration dependence of viscosity and glass temperature for polymer‐diluent systems. Experimental data for several systems were examined and general agreement with theory was found over broad ranges of concentration. Particular emph…
Abstract Wholly aromatic polybenzimidazoles were synthesized from aromatic tetraamines and difunctional aromatic acids and characterized as new thermally stable polymers. The melt polycondensation of aromatic tetraamines and the diphenyl esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids was developed as a general procedure of wid…
Abstract The solubility constants for thirteen permanent gases were measured within the temperature range 5–55°C. in a linear and a branched polyethylene, hydrogenated polybutadiene, and natural rubber. Equilibrium and time lag solubility determinations were made, the latter being indirectly obtained as the ratio of t…
Abstract Diffusion and permeability constants for twelve permanent gases have been measured in a linear and a branched polyethylene, hydrogenated polybutadiene, and natural rubber over the temperature range 5–55°C. The Barrer time lag apparatus has been used in these determinations. For all gas–polymer pairs investiga…
The thermal conductivities of single-crystal bars of several ferrites have been measured over the temperature range 1.4\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to 25\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K in both zero external magnetic field and in a field of about 9.4 kilo-oersteds. For each speciment the zero-field conducti…
Results are reported of a study of the contribution of spin or exchange polarization to the magnetic interaction of a rare earth ion with its neighbors and with its own conduction electrons. The rare earth ions carry a paired electron spin density which is negative in their outer reaches and these ions may even appear…
Sodium-ion vacancies are introduced into sodium chloride crystals by the addition of the following divalent cation impurities: ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{++}$, ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{++}$, ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{++}$, ${\mathrm{Zn}}^{++}$, ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{++}$, and ${\mathrm{Sr}}^{++}$. Below 150\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, the virtu…
In an anisotropic ferromagnet the Curie temperature is a function of the direction of the magnetization. The Curie temperature is high in easy directions, and can drop quite low in harder directions for large ratio of anisotropy to exchange energy. Magnetization curves as a function of temperature also depend upon the…
Previous calculations of the instability threshold have been based on a plane-wave analysis which is strictly applicable only in an infinite medium. This paper describes a more rigorous theory in which the boundary conditions at the surface of the sample are taken into account. The refined theory admits instabilities…
Solid solutions based on sodium niobate with limited amounts of lead and zirconium or lead and titanium solute ions have been investigated with respect to their dielectric constant versus temperature at 1 kc. per second from −175° to 300°C. Lead zirconate additions to sodium niobate up to 15 mole % cause an increase i…
The author has summarized the results of thirty years’ research on the properties of powdered materials. These studies have been concerned with powders of all types, but most of the conclusions are applicable to metallic powders. The complex properties of powders can be resolved only by first defining those fundamenta…
The optical spectrum of the weak luminescence produced when water is irradiated by an intense ultrasonic beam has been determined. Water saturated with argon, helium, oxygen, or nitrogen was studied with the use of 800-kc radiation. The spectral distribution of the luminescence was measured with a spectrometer and pho…
A ferromagnetic parametric amplifier requiring fractional watts of pump power has been developed and investigated experimentally. The amplifier employs magnetostatic modes as resonances which are parametrically pumped by a longitudinal rf magnetic field. A theoretical discussion of the characteristics of longitudinal…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProducts of the Thermal Decomposition of Some Cobalt Ammine AzidesTaylor B. Joyner and Frank H. VerhoekCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 5, 1069–1072Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1961https:/…