Materials Literature
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Abstract The molecular orientation and strain‐induced crystallization of synthetic rubbers—polyisoprene rubber, polybutadiene rubber, and butyl rubber [poly(isobutylene isoprene)]—during uniaxial deformation were studied with in situ synchrotron wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction. The high intensity of the synchrotron X‐ray…
Abstract We have found that s-SPG and curdlan are capable of wrapping SWNTs and the “periodical” helical structure is created, reflecting the helical nature of the SPG main-chain, on the SWNTs surface. The novel SWNTs/β-1,3-glucan composites were characterized by TEM and AFM, which consistently support the view that t…
A direct manifestation of electron energy quantization in metal nanoparticles is observed in two-photon excited luminescence. Experiments reveal the discrete spectra in broadband anti-Stokes photoluminescence from aggregates of silver colloid particles. A theory based on a spherical quantum-well model for metal nanopa…
It has been found by electron diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy that each commercial CrO2 particle is enclosed by an epitaxial Cr2O3 layer ∼2.5 nm thick. The epitaxial relationships of Cr2O3 layers on CrO2 particles have been identified. Magnetic hysteresis loops measured at different te…
Multilayered thin films of (Ba0.80Sr0.20)(Ti1−xZrx)O3 (BSTZ) with compositionally graded layer (CGL) have been fabricated by pulsed laser deposition on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrate. In each CGL, four individual layers of BSTZ with x=0.36, 0.18, 0.08 and 0 are grown in series with equal thickness. Three kinds of thin-film…
Pronase (type XXV serine protease from Streptomyces griseus) efficiently depolymerizes chitosan, a linear beta-->1,4-linked polysaccharide of 2-amino-deoxyglucose and 2-amino-2-N-acetylamino-D-glucose, to low-molecular weight chitosans (LMWC), chito-oligomers (degree of polymerization, 2-6) and monomer. The maximum de…
Electromagnetic waves in waveguides consisting of metamaterials with negative permittivity and permeability are analyzed. It is found that metamaterials can enhance the intensity of the evanescent waves in the cladding without altering the propagation constant of the waveguide for both TE and TM modes. This is a uniqu…
Two novel room-temperature phase transitions are observed, via synchrotron x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, in the ${\mathrm{PbZr}}_{0.52}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.48}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ alloy under hydrostatic pressures up to 16 GPa. A monoclinic $(M)$-to-rhombohedral ${(R}_{1})$ phase transition takes place around 2--…
Density functional theory calculations predict two orientations for ellipsoidal C70 fullerenes inside single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) of different sizes: transverse orientation for C70 in (11,11) nanotubes (d=14.9 Å) and longitudinal orientation for C70 in (10,10) nanotubes (d=13.6 Å). SWNTs with these diameter…
Abstract A comparative study of the electrochemical behaviour of several transition metal substituted polyoxotungstates in acetonitrile solution with tetra‐ n ‐butylammonium perchlorate as a supporting electrolyte is presented. Tetra‐ n ‐butylammonium salts of Keggin‐type polyoxoanions, α‐[(C 4 H 9 ) 4 N] 4 H x [XW 11…
The effect of carbon doping on the enhancement of visible luminescence from silicon-rich silicon oxide (SRSO), which consists of Si nanoclusters embedded inside a SiO2 matrix, is investigated. C-doped SRSO films were fabricated by electron cyclotron resonance-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method using SiH4…
An all-perovskite ferroelectric field-effect transistor with a ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 (PZT) gate and a colossal magnetoresistive La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 (LCMO) channel has been successfully fabricated by pulsed-laser deposition on Si. A clear and square channel resistivity hysteresis loop, commensurate with the ferroel…
Abstract The electrochemistry of homoleptic substituted phthalocyaninato rare earth double‐decker complexes M(TBPc) 2 and M(OOPc) 2 [M = Y, La...Lu except Pm; H 2 TBPc = 3(4),12(13),21(22),30(31)‐tetra‐ tert ‐butylphthalocyanine, H 2 OOPc = 3,4,12,13,21,22,30,31‐octakis(octyloxy)phthalocyanine] has been comparatively…
A novel pressure-sensitive luminescent coating on porous anodized aluminium is developed. A method of making the coating is described in detail. The coating is a thin anodized aluminium layer, which is formed onto the surface of aluminium by an electro-chemical process. The luminophore is adsorbed directly onto the su…
The Environmental Acoustic Reconnaissance and Sounding experiment (EARS), is composed of two parts: the Environmental Acoustic Reconnaissance (EAR) instrument and the Environmental Acoustic Sounding Experiment (EASE). They are distinct, but have the common objective of characterizing the acoustic environment of Mars.…
We have measured the specific heat of single crystals of the triple-layer Ruddlesden-Popper material, Sr4Ru3O10, grown both in an image furnace and by flux-growth. The flux grown sample has a sharp mean-field-like anomaly at the onset of magnetic order, Tc = 102 K, but a much broader anomaly, indicative of residual he…
We have investigated infinitely long, monostrand Pt nanowires theoretically, and found that they exhibit Hund's rule magnetism. We find a spin moment of 0.6 Bohr magnetons per atom, at the equilibrium bond length. Its magnetic moment increases with stretching. The origin of the wire magnetism is analyzed and its effec…
We report elastic scattering theory for surface electron waves in quantum corrals defined by adatoms on the surface of noble metals. We develop a scattering-matrix technique that allows us to account for a realistic smooth potential profile of the scattering centers. Our calculations reproduce quantitatively all the e…
A general law of energy release is derived for stressed heterogeneous materials, being valid from the starting moment of loading till the moment of materials fracture. This law is obtained by employing the extrapolation technique of the self-similar approximation theory. Experiments are accomplished measuring the ener…
Most experimental properties of the single-molecule magnet ${\mathrm{Mn}}_{12}$ acetate have been successfully explained by the assumption that ${\mathrm{Mn}}_{12}$ acetate has an effective ground-state spin of $S=10.$ However, the effect of the low-lying excited manifolds caused by interactions between Mn spins has n…