Materials Literature
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Micron-size crystalline particles of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), obtained from PET bottles by crystallization and grinding, were used as a filler in high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The composite of PET particle-filled HDPE was prepared by melt mixing at 190°C, which was well below the melting temperature of…
1,2,3,5-Dithiadiazolyl and 1,2,3,5-diselenadiazolyl radicals bearing a 2,5-difluorophenyl substituent crystallize as π-stacked dimers. In the S-compound the dimer stacks adopt a pinwheel arrangement about a 41 axis with a series of close trans-columnar S---S contacts. In the Se-compound the dimer stacks are packed in…
The future of silk as an engineering fibre is considered, taking into account the significant shortcomings of this material as well as its much-publicised attractions. Attention is focused on issues that remain unsolved or unresolved — either reflecting the difficulty of characterising the complex hierarchical structu…
The effects of shadow blockage on the efficiency of a dielectric Fresnel lens is investigated. Since shadow blockage is a strong function of the F/D value, it should be factored into the design, especially for compact lenses designed with a small F/D. Equations are derived, based on ray tracing, to determine the decre…
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and wide-angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD) are employed to investigate the morphology and crystallinity of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) by conventional injection molding (CIM) and oscillating packing IM (OPIM). SEM micrographs following permanganic etching show an interlocking shish-ke…
In an attempt to overcome the problem of polymerization of vinyl monomers in presence of oxygen, polymerization was done by using some plant gums. The effect of some plant gums were studied on the graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) on to poly(vinyl alcohol) using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as initiator in…
Crosslinking agents are used for improving the physical properties and durability of collagenous implants, glutaraldehyde (GTA) being the most widely used. Many of these reagents, including GTA, are known to be cytotoxic and to induce calcification. Hence, it is desirable to develop new crosslinking methods for collag…
The adsorption, thermal reactions, and photochemistry of C2H5I have been studied on TiO2 by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy. C2H5I is adsorbed on TiO2 and remains intact at 35°C. However, it decomposes to form C2H5O(a) at temperatures below 200°C in vacuum. It is found that this decomposition process is enha…
Two series of liquid crystalline terphenyls with terminal alkyl chains have been synthesised with three lateral fluoro substituents in close proximity to each other. Two terminal alkyl chains were employed to minimise viscosity, maximise solubility and generate low melting points. The first series of materials employs…
The blood-contacting properties and the effect on bacterial adhesion of a material based on polyurethane and poly(amido-amine) (PUPA), both in its native form and with the anticoagulant molecules heparin or sulphated hyaluronic acid (HyalS3.5) electrostatically bonded to its surface, were evaluated and compared in vit…
This paper considers the numerical solution of one-dimensional Stefan problems. The basic method used is the heat balance integral method (HBIM). The method is applied to one-phase melting/solidification problems. Both cylindrical and spherical geometries are considered and a special starting procedure is used for sma…
A diimide dicarboxylic acid, 1,4-bis(4-trimellitimidophenoxy)naphthalene (1,4-BTMPN), was prepared by condensation of 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)naphthalene and trimellitic anhydride at a 1 : 2 molar ratio. A series of novel poly(amide-imide)s (IIa–k) with inherent viscosities of 0.72 to 1.59 dL/g were prepared by triphen…
The morphology build-up in toughened epoxy blends using reactive hyperbranched dendritic polymers (HBP) and amine-cured epoxy resins has been investigated in the present work. By changing the processing conditions or the surface chemistry of the modifier, very different morphologies can be obtained, ranging from homog…
This paper deals with the impact of hydrogen on plasticity and creep of unirradiated CWSR Zircaloy-4 cladding tubes. Specimens with low tin content (≈1.3%) were charged with hydrogen between 100 and 1100 ppm using gaseous technique. Uniaxial and biaxial mechanical tests (tension and creep) were conducted on as-receive…
Nitrous oxide is introduced as a rocket propellant for small satellites. The reasons for using this propellant on small spacecrafts are discussed. Potential space applications of nitrous oxide are listed. A nitrous oxide catalytic decomposition technique is suggested for restartable spacecraft propulsion. Theoretical…
The behavior of Al8B4C7 in CO(g) and its effect as an antioxidant in both Al2O3-C and MgO-C have been investigated, and the corresponding mechanisms have been discussed. Al8B4C7 markedly inhibits the oxidation of the carbon-containing refractories. The added Al8B4C7 reacts with CO(g) quickly above 1400°C to give B2O3.…
To understand the chemical basis of action for the PDR5-encoded multidrug resistance transporter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we compared the relative hypersensitivities of the wild-type (RW2802) and null mutant strains toward a series of tri-n-alkyltin compounds. These compounds differ from each other in a systematic…
For the prevention of a particle-initiated breakdown within gas-insulated switchgear, fundamental characteristics of particle motion were investigated. It was found that the particle motion depends not only on Coulombic force, but on the corona discharge from the tip of a particle. Thus, the corona current from a fixe…
The solubility coefficient (s) values for ethyl acetate in three heat sealant polymer membranes (LDPE, LLDPE and ionomer) were determined over a range of permeant vapour concentrations by a gravimetric procedure and an isostatic permeability technique. The respective solubility coefficient values obtained by the two m…
A study of the hybrid organic‐inorganic hexacyanoferrate‐polypyrrole material as a cathode in rechargeable lithium cells is reported as part of a series of functional hybrid materials that represent a new concept in energy storage. The effect of synthesis temperatures of the hybrid in the specific capacity obtained fr…