Materials Literature
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A new approach to artificial muscle actuator design is presented, and is implemented using shape memory alloys (SMA). An array of SMA actuators is segmented into many independently controlled, spatially discrete volumes, each contributing a small displacement to create a large motion. The segmented cellular architectu…
Light-induced structural changes in single crystals belonging to the β-As 4 S 4 -As 8 S 9 series and in a crystal of synthetic β-As 4 S 3 were monitored step by step by determining the unit-cell dimensions. A marked increase of unit-cell volume as a function of exposure time was observed for all the crystals belonging…
We have examined the device characteristics of solution-processed single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) transistors. By using an electrical breakdown, SWNT-field-effect transistors (FETs) exhibited an on/off ratio ( I on / I off ) of 10 4 and a field-effect mobility of 3.6 cm 2 V -1 s -1 in air, which are comparable to…
The reaction mechanism for hydroxylation of benzene by N(2)O has been studied on chemically modified ZSM-5 catalysts. A maximum in catalytic activity and selectivity was reached for steamed samples under mild conditions (about 30% conversion with 94% selectivity). Chemical modifications, through ion exchange (H(+) ver…
This work investigates the effect of polymer molecular weight (M(W)) on the surface morphology of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) films doped with iodonaphthalene (NapI) and iodophenanthrene (PhenI) following irradiation in air at 248 nm. In agreement with previous studies, irradiation of PMMA at…
The equation of state and the mechanical response (dynamic tensile strength and dynamic shear strength) of the shape memory alloy NiTi have been investigated using plate impact. The Hugoniot has been extended with additional data and a nonlinear behavior of the Hugoniot (shock velocity-particle velocity) has been note…
General concepts concerning the formation, structure, and some properties of nanosized structural elements in polymers and polymeric materials are summarized from the standpoint of feasibility of formation of nanoparticles and nanoreactors in such systems and practical use of advantages offered by these structures. Th…
Stability and atomic geometry of mono-, di-, and trivacancies in graphene sheets are studied by using first-principles calculations. We find that the atomic relaxation substantially contributes to the stability of the vacancies. The monovacancy is found to have a nonplanar structure, i.e., its symmetry is C 1 h , whil…
The azobenzene-containing polyanion PAC-azoBNS was alternately assembled with the polycation diazoresin (DAR) to construct photo-cross-linkable multilayer films of PAC-azoBNS/DAR that contain photolabile groups of azobenzene. Upon mild UV irradiation, the interaction between PAC-azoBNS/DAR multilayers was converted fr…
Biologically well-tolerated materials are at the core of intense research. In this study, we report both the intrinsic features of formic acid (FA)-crosslinked three-dimensional (3D) nonwoven scaffolds consisting of sericin-deprived, Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) in beta-sheet form and the long-term co-culture of adul…
Anodes containing ruthenium, titanium, and tin oxides supported on metallic Ti were prepared by thermal decomposition of precursor salts in order to investigate the effect that changing the solvent (from HCl/H2O to isopropanol) would have on the real composition of the mixed oxide electrodes. The precursor solutions a…
Two coupled Laplace’s equations were solved for a two-dimensional (2D) geometry to simulate active pipeline steel corrosion under a disbonded coating due to dissolved oxygen (O2), with or without cathodic protection (CP). A differential O2 concentration cell is the key that causes this corrosion. The profiles of disso…
Thin films of ferroelectric PbxSr1−xTiO3 (PST) with x=0.3–0.7 and graded composition were fabricated on LaNiO3 buffered Pt∕Ti∕SiO2∕Si substrates by a sol-gel deposition method. The thin films crystallized into a single perovskite structure and exhibited highly (100) preferred orientation after postdeposition annealing…
Zn 1 − x Mg x O thin films on (001) sapphire substrates were deposited using pulsed laser deposition. As the substrate temperature increased, the Mg content in the Zn1−xMgxO thin films increased and the photoluminescence (PL) peak position of the Zn1−xMgxO thin films shifted from 370to356nm, indicating a band gap expa…
Structure analysis of unilamellar manganese oxide nanosheets obtained via exfoliation of layered manganese oxides was carried out utilizing synchrotron radiation (SR) X-ray in-plane diffraction and polarization-dependent total reflection fluorescence X-ray absorption fine structure (PTRF-XAFS) analyses. A combination…
Abstract The choice of a reliable method for the testing of dispersant efficiency is an important issue in ceramics processing by emerging near net shape methods. The present paper presents the comparison of four methods for evaluation of the dispersibility properties of a commercial deflocculant Dolapix CE64, towards…
Compressive creep tests have been carried out on Mg–14Li–Al–MgO/Mg 2 Si composites containing about 0, 5, 10 and 15 vol.-%MgO/Mg 2 Si particulates in the temperature range of 100–190°C and under different pressures in the range of 40–70 MPa. The results reveal that the creep resistance of the particulate composites is…
The birefringence induced by an acoustic field in the isotropic phase of the cholesteryl myristate cholesteric liquid crystal has been measured. The measurements were performed at sound frequencies of 3.2 and 9.8 MHz in a wide temperature range. Based on the results of the measurements of the induced birefringence, th…
High temperature thermoelectric properties have been measured on a Czochralski pulled Ba8Ga16Ge30crystal. Complete transport properties obtained in the temperature range from 273K to 1150K. The physical properties are reproducible even after thermal cycling. The Seebeck coefficient reveals the sample to be an n-type c…
Octasulfo-substituted cobalt phthalocyaninate was synthesized from 3,5-disulfophthalic acid, and its ammonium salt was converted into the corresponding sulfonyl chloride by the action of chlorosulfonic acid. Treatment of the chlorosulfonyl-substituted phthalocyanine complex with aliphatic amines gave octaalkyl-sulfamo…