Materials Literature
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Two-dimensional cyanide-bridged copper(II) octacyanotungstates(V), [(Cu(3-CNpy)2(H2O))2(Cu(3-CNpy)2(H2O)2)(W(CN)8)2] (3-CNpy = 3-cyanopyridine) (1) and [(Cu(4-CNpy)2)2(Cu(4-CNpy)2(H2O)2)(W(CN)8)2] x 6H2O (4-CNpy = 4-cyanopyridine) (2), were prepared and these compounds exhibited metamagnetic behavior with Néel tempera…
The recent Industry-Sponsored Metals Combustion Test Program (96-1) involved promoted-ignition and burning of 316L stainless steel rods (1.27 cmdiameter) and Sch. 80 and XXS pipe (11/4 in. nominal diameter) in both static and flowing oxygen. These tests demonstrated difficulties igniting large samples in flowing oxyge…
In this chapter the Lie algebra is defined and the properties of its underlying vector space are described. Discussing the role of the basis elements of the algebra one is lead to the structure constants, to some of their symmetry properties and to their relationship to the adjoint matrices. With these matrices the Ki…
The effects of exchange-coupling interactions between grains on the effective anisotropy and the variation in Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe nanocomposite permanent materials were investigated. The calculatied results showed that due to the exchange-coupling interactions, the effective anisotropy Keffof the nanocomposite decreases wit…
The herbicide 2,4-D is an important herbicide at a global level. In 1999, the herbicide was ranked as the fifth herbicide in the United States regarding sales. The 2,4-D amine salts are generally not applied in combination with adjuvants. An effective and inexpensive adjuvant, either as built-in or as tank-mix adjuvan…
Based on the physical mechanism of gate oxide TDDB, a percolation model for gate oxide degradation was brought forward, in which the occurrence and build up of deep energy-level defects, such as E′ center and oxygen vacancy were considered to be the right cause of oxide breakdown. It was pointed out that, during TDDB…
Abstract A heating system is described that allows to increase the temperature gradients in rf‐heated Czochralski setups during the growth. This system applies an active afterheater, operated by a separate induction coil parallel to that heating the crucible. By changing the inductivity of an additional coil located o…
Polyolefin films are the workhorses of the packaging and agricultural industries. Their omnipresence is driven by their good mechanical and durability properties as well as their excellent cost/performance ratio. However, polyolefin chemistry has some intrinsic properties, e.g., lack of optical transparency, hydrophob…
Fuel processing technology and tritium safe-handling technology have been developed through US/DOE-JAERI collaboration from 1987 till 2001, and the technologies to construct the tritium plant system of ITER have been made currently available. This paper overviews the major achievements of this collaborative researches…
The microscopic structures of the diamond films generated on Si (100) substrates by chemical vapor deposition have been studied by x-ray wide angle diffraction spectroscopy, grazing incidence x-ray scattering spectra, positrons annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, and qualitative software and Positronfit program. The d…
One of the main problem in the industrial application of vacuum carburizing of steel is the unwanted but unavoidable formation of higher hydrocarbons up to tar and graphite. One of the main research objectives at the Engler-Bunte-Institute are investigations in the pyrolysis of gaseous hydrocarbons. The results presen…
Solid oxide fuel cells consisting of LSCF, YSZ and Ni-YSZ were fabricated with anodes of controlled porosity and pore size. The effects of porosity and pore size on cell performance were investigated theoretically and experimentally. A geometric simulation was used to determine the three-phase-boundary length (TPBL) w…
Antiferroelectric superlattice-reflection intensity and pseudo-tetragonal lattice distortion of PbZrO 3 show the same temperature dependence, which can be described by a usual phenomenological theory that includes a quantum effect. R 25 superlattice-reflection intensity shows the different temperature dependence above…
Liquid crystal materials with negative dielectric anisotropy have been successfully applied to light emitting diode. Even for a nematic phase, the Fredericks transition was avoided under such strong electric field that emission could be observed. Three colors (R, G, B) have been obtained by doping corresponding dye ma…
The research results presented here are first part of the oxidation and thermal fatigue research of TBC (Thermal Barrier Coatings),which was mainly concerned with the experiments of oxidation and thermal fatigue for two types of TBC:plasma sprayed and electrical beam physical vapor deposition coatings,and prepared for…
In this paper broad sense grating equation and broad sense chromatic dispersion formula that can be applied to reflection and transmission regions of phase grating in arbitrary oblique angle of incidence are discussed based on the vector diffraction theory. At the same time, the theoretical and numerical analyses for…
A Scanning Laser-Enhanced Electrochemical Microscope for Hydrogen detection (H-SLEEM) has been developed in order to in-situ visualize the distribution of hydrogen localized on a steel surface. Introduction and detection of hydrogen for the steel sheet was conducted by hydrogen permeation technique with a pair of elec…
Lattice parameters of lead titanate were precisely re-determined in the ternperature range of-150-950℃ by high precision XRPD measurements. It was clarified that there was no any evidence for a new phase transition at low temperatures. Tetragonal distortion strain decreases with temperature increasing. A novel thermal…
Owing to the limited solubility of zirconium in molten magnesium, almost all of the zirconium contained in the Zirmax® master alloy (Mg-33.3Zr) is present in the form of nearly pure zirconium particles. Of them, zirconium particle clusters and individual zirconium particles greater than 5 μm in dimension account for a…
The dc electrical behavior of graphytized carbon-blacks filled rubbers was investigated in the temperature range 25°C to 125°C. The volume fraction of the fillers varied from 30% to 60%. The observed conductivity increases with increasing filler contents. At a temperature higher than 25°C for 60% filler concentration…