Materials Literature
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The structure of α-dicalcium silicate hydrate, \nCa_2(SiO_3OH)(OH), has recently been described and \nrefined [Y ano, Urabe, Ikawa, Teraushi, Ishizawa & \nUdagawa (1993). Acta Cryst. C49, 1555-1559] in space group P2_12_12_1 (orthorhombic; a = 9.487 (4), b = 9.179 (4), c = 10.666 (7) Å, Z = 8). It is b…
Three-point bending and fracture toughness tests of alumina specimens with various grain sizes were carried out to investigate the effects of grain size on bending strength and fracture toughness. The bending strength increased with decreasing grain size. The intrinsic fracture toughness, which can be obtained by the…
Abstract The supramolecular structure formation in solutions of syndiotactic polystyrene is discussed from the viewpoint of the temperature-concentration behaviour of this system. The phase diagrams that result from these investigations localize the different temperature-concentration domains in which the β-phase (pla…
Raman scattering of ${\mathrm{In}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$As epitaxial layers on InP and GaAs substrates have been investigated with a wide range of composition. It is found that the asymmetric broadening of LO phonon modes varies with composition as well as substrate. With th…
Electrical transport is measured for a crystal and polycrystalline samples of ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{3}$${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$. The samples display metallic behavior with the relative resistance decreasing by more than two orders of magnitude upon cooling from 300 to 4.5 K. Low-temperature heat-capacity data are obtained by the…
The effect of thermal annealing on the conduction- and valence-band edges in porous silicon is studied by photoemission, Auger, and x-ray-absorption spectroscopies. The quantum shifts in the conduction- and valence-band edges of porous Si relative to bulk Si are found to decrease with progressively higher annealing te…
Diamondlike carbon (DLC) films were directly deposited onto germanium (Ge) and zinc sulphide (ZnS) slices by a capacitively coupled 13.56 MHz rf glow discharge plasma with Ar-C2H2 gas mixtures. The IR transmittance was measured using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer. The maximum values of the IR transmission…
Abstract Newton's method is applied to the finite volume approximation for the steady state heat transfer, fluid flow and unknown interfaces in a floating molten zone. The streamfunction/vorticity and temperature formulation of the Navier–Stokes and energy equations and their associated boundary conditions are written…
Electronic effects from two well-defined defects are identified and measured using scanning tunneling microscopy on graphite. An atomic vacancy on the topmost (0001) plane caused a lowering of apparent z height in a 30 \AA{}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}30 \AA{} area by \ensuremath{\sim}1.5 \AA{}. A plane rotation…
The variety and complexity of the metal-insulator transitions that ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ undergoes, in both pure form and when doped with other transition-metal ions, have resulted in widespread interest in the electronic structure of this oxide. We report here the results of a photoemission study of th…
It is shown theoretically that there is competition between core-hole decay and delocalization of a resonantly excited electron from the adsorbate to the substrate metal with simultaneous substrate-to-ligand charge-transfer core-hole screening [relaxation from the resonantly core excited neutral state to the x-ray-pho…
We used scanning tunneling microscopy and low-energy electron microscopy to study the etching of the Si(100)-(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1) surface by oxygen at low pressures and elevated temperatures. At 5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}8}$ torr partial pressure of oxygen, the…
Barium titanate (BaTiO3) thin films grown by the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique on MgO substrates have been investigated by second-harmonic generation at an incident wavelength of 1.064 μm. Transmission electron microscopy was used to show that substrate quality and pretreatment (annealing) h…
The asymmetric unit of [(CH 3 ) 3 CNH 3 ] 6 [Mo 7 O 24 ].7H 2 O consists of a heptamolybdate anion, six tert-butylammonium cations and seven water molecules. The crystal packing is stabilized by electrostatic interactions and an extensive network of hydrogen contacts involving the O atoms from the polyanion, the water…
Cadmium selenite has two polymorphic forms: CdSeO 3 (oP20) and CdSeO 3 (mP40). In the orthorhombic form the coordination polyhedron around cadmium is an octahedron and in the monoclinic form it is a trigonal prism. In 4CdSeO 3 .3H 2 O the coordination polyhedra are distorted between octahedra and trigonal prisms
The yttrium(III) and lanthanum(III) complexes of 9,14-dioxo-1,4,7,10,13-pentaaza-1,4,7-cyclopentadecanetriacetic acid, namely, diaquabis(9,14-dioxo-O 14 :O 9 -1,4,7,10,13-pentaaza-N 1 ,N 4 :N 7 -1,4,7-cyclopentadecanetriacetato-O 1 ,O 4 :O 7 )diyttrium(III) tetradecahydrate [Y 2 (C 16 H 24 N 5 O 8 ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ].14H…
A distinct positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (PTCR) effect has been observed in undoped barium titanate ceramics sintered in the temperature range 1300–1400 °C in air. Although undoped barium titanate is normally insulating and ferroelectric at room temperature, it has been found that semiconducting bari…
Abstract The molecular organization of polymer melts and glasses remains a challenging area of polymer physics. Recent advances in simulation procedures and quantitative atomistic based X-ray and neutron scattering studies have shown most conclusively that the historical view of some level of local parallelism between…
We develop the hybrid Monte Carlo method for simulations of single off-lattice polymer chains. We discuss implementation and choice of simulation parameters in some detail. The performance of the algorithm is tested on models for homopolymers with short- or long-range self-repulsion, using chains with 16≤N≤512 monomer…
Abstract A new type of membrane polymer, containing a photosensitive moiety, was synthesized. The photochemically induced functionalization and crosslinking of poly [acrylonitrile‐co‐butadiene‐co‐styrene‐co‐2‐(4‐ethenyl) phenyl‐5‐phenyl‐2H‐tetrazole], ABSV, has been studied. A variety of dipolarophiles and phenolic co…