Materials Literature
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A substrate-independent method is described for the synthesis of polymer brushes on solid surfaces. This entails pulsed plasma deposition of maleic anhydride to generate a free radical initiator containing thin film followed by styrene polymerization. Polystyrene layers of up to 150 nm thickness can be grown from thes…
It is shown that, during electron irradiation of a thin carbon film in the presence of gold nanoparticles, fullerene onion structures are produced at a much higher rate than in the case in which no nanoparticles are present. We conclude that steps on the gold nanoparticle act as catalytic sites to promote the rearrang…
Abstract The velocity of vulcameter torque change during the vulcanization of natural rubber consists of two increasing and decreasing stages. The vulcanization process in the stage of velocity increasing is not a simple reaction, and can be expressed in an equation of ln( M H − M t ) = ln A − K 1 ( t − t 0 ) α , whic…
Abstract We prepared biodegradable extruded starch blends by first mixing starch with additives and then processing the mixture in an extruder. The mechanical properties, including tensile strength and elongation at break, solubility, biodegradability, rheological properties, molecular weight, and glass‐transition tem…
A successful observation and analysis of the Zeeman effect on the $\ensuremath{\lambda}\ensuremath{\approx}1.54\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ photoluminescence band in Er-doped crystalline MBE-grown silicon are presented. The symmetry of the dominant optically active centers is conclusively established as orthorh…
Abstract Sisal fibers were used for the reinforcement of a polypropylene (pp) matrix. Composites consisting of polypropylene reinforced with short sisal fibers were prepared by melt‐mixing and solution‐mixing methods. A large amount of fiber breakage was observed during melt mixing. The fiber breakage analysis during…
This paper describes low-temperature voltammetry of purified hexanethiolate-coated monolayer-protected Au140 clusters (C6 MPCs). Lowered temperatures enhance the resolution of quantized double layer (QDL) charging peaks in differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) observations. As many as 13 resolved peaks are seen in illu…
PMMA-layered silicate intercalated nanocomposites are synthesized using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) to produce ordered materials with significant levels of reinforcement. The scCO 2 is used to homogeneously distribute monomer as well as act as a low-viscosity solvent for MMA polymerization. This route allow…
Abstract Graft copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) onto poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) was carried out by use of benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The effects of various polymerization conditions on graft degree were investigated, including solvents, monomer and initiator concentrations, reaction temperature, and ti…
A 1,10-phenanthroline-appended cholesterol-based gelator (1) and its nongelling reference compound (2) were synthesized. Among 19 solvents tested herein, gelator 1 could gelate 11 solvents including alcohols, dipolar aprotic solvents, organic acids and a base (triethylamine), indicating that 1 acts as a versatile gela…
The synthesis and structural analysis of the twin-dendritic benzamide 10, based on the first-generation, self-assembling, tapered dendrons 3,4,5-tris(4'-dodecyloxybenzyloxy)benzoic acid and 3,4,5-tris(4'-dodecyloxybenzyloxy)-1-aminobenzene, and the polymethacrylate, 20, which contains 10 as side groups, are presented.…
A combinatorial approach for the synthesis of supramolecular gelators as new organic materials is described herein. In the course of the development of a convenient and flexible solid-phase synthesis of the artificial glycolipids, some of these compounds were accidentally found to act as low molecular-weight gelators…
Swelling and shrinking of polyelectrolyte microcapsules consisting of poly(styrene sulfonate, sodium salt) (PSS) and poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium) chloride (PDADMAC) multilayers have been observed in response to temperature and electrolyte exposure, respectively. Heat-induced capsule swelling and capsule wall volume…
A well-defined amine-functionalized silica surface displaying evidence of isolated amine sites is prepared using a molecular patterning technique. A tritylimine patterning agent is used to spatially position the amine sites a minimum distance from each other, resulting in an organic loading of 0.345 mmol of NH 2 /g of…
We have computed absorption and emission energies of silicon nanocrystals as a function of size and of surface passivants, using both density functional theory and quantum Monte Carlo calculations. We have found that the ionic rearrangements and electronic relaxations occurring upon absorption and emission are extreme…
Through manipulating crystal growth directions, we devised a versatile synthetic method to fabricate complex alpha-MoO(3) nanostructures with external bonding capacity for self-organization. Using four-armed forklike alpha-MoO(3) as nanobuilding blocks, we assembled more complex crystal morphologies, such as centrally…
Model polylactide-b-polyisoprene-b-polylactide (PLA-PI-PLA) triblock copolymers were prepared by an efficient protocol starting with alpha,omega-dihydroxy polyisoprene (HO-PI-OH). Using a moderately electrophilic Al(O-i-Pr)(3) catalyst and carefully controlling the ratio of Al to HO-PI-OH avoided gel formation and res…
We investigate strong-coupling superfluidity in a uniform gas of Fermi atoms attractively interacting via quasi-molecular bosons associated with a Feshbach resonance. This interaction is tunable by the threshold energy $2ν$ of the Feshbach resonance, becoming large as $2ν$ is decreased. In recent work, we showed that…
Electron spin polarizations of 32% are obtained in a GaAs quantum well via electrical injection through a reverse-biased Fe/AlGaAs Schottky contact. An analysis of the transport data using the Rowell criteria demonstrates that single step tunneling is the dominant transport mechanism. The current-voltage data show a c…
Fourteen titanium alkoxides were synthesized for comparison of their catalytic properties in the bulk and solution polymerization of lactide (LA). In bulk polymerizations, they are effective catalysts in terms of polymer yield and molecular weight. Titanatranes gave polylactides with significantly increased molecular…